神经阻滞在骨科下肢手术的应用  

Application of Nerve Block in Orthopedic Lower Extremity Surgery

作　　者：刘茜 Liu Qian(Shougang Shuigang Hospital,Liupanshui 553000,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]首钢水钢医院,贵州六盘水553000

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2023年第11期15-17,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:分析神经阻滞在骨科下肢手术的应用效果。方法:选取2020年12月—2022年12月首钢水钢医院骨科收治的下肢手术患者90例为观察对象,随机数字表法分组为观察组与对照组,各45例。对照组予以常规麻醉,观察组予以椎管内麻醉复合神经阻滞,比较两组生命体征、麻醉情况、临床指标、镇痛效果。结果:麻醉后15min、手术结束时、手术实施30 min、术后,观察组患者收缩压、舒张压、心率水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者感觉神经阻滞起效时长、维持时长与运动神经阻滞起效时长、维持时长均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);观察组患者下床活动时间、出院时间均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者视觉模拟评分表评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:对骨科下肢手术患者行神经阻滞麻醉,能稳定生命体征,镇痛效果良好,延长其维持时长,缩短下床活动时间、出院时间,可在临床推广。Objective:To analyze the effect of nerve block in orthopedic lower extremity surgery.Methods:A total of ninety patients with lower extremity surgery admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Shougang Shuigang Hospital from December 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the observation objects,and were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,with forty-five cases in each group.The control group was given conventional anesthesia,and the observation group was given intraspinal anesthesia combined with nerve block.The vital signs,anesthesia,clinical indexes and analgesic effect of the two groups were compared.Results:Systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in observation group were higher than those in control group 15 min after anesthesia,at the end of operation,30 min after operation and after operation,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);The onset time and maintenance time of sensory nerve block in observation group were better than those of control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The time of getting out of bed and discharge time in observation group were better than those in control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001);The visual analog scale score of observation group was lower than that of control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion:Nerve block anesthesia for patients undergoing orthopedic lower extremity surgery can stabilize vital signs,have good analgesic effect,prolong the maintenance time,shorten the time of getting out of bed and discharge time,and can be popularized in clinical practice.

关 键 词：神经阻滞 骨科 下肢手术 镇痛 不良反应 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]