肿瘤化疗药物对护理人员的职业危害及防护措施分析  

Analysis of Occupational Hazards of Tumor Chemotherapeutic Drugs on Nursing Staff and Protective Measures

作　　者：郭萍 Guo Ping(Sichuan Cancer Hospital Research Institute,Sichuan Cancer Prevention and Control Center,University of Electronic Science and Technology Affiliated Cancer Hospital,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省肿瘤医院研究所,四川省癌症防治中心,电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2023年第11期150-152,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:分析肿瘤化疗药物对护理人员的职业危害及防护措施。方法:选取2020年9月—2022年9月在四川省肿瘤医院工作的护理人员60名作为观察对象,其中接触化疗药品>2年的30名护理人员作为观察组,无化疗药品接触史的30名护理人员作为对照组。对护理人员进行检查,总结观察组护理人员从事化疗护理的危害因素,分析原因,制定防护措施。比较两组护理人员职业危害发生率、防护情况。结果:观察组皮肤损伤、脱发、消化道症状及异常生育发生率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);防护措施实施后,观察组防护意识、操作水平、管理制度评分均高于实施前,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论:肿瘤化疗药物对护理人员的职业危害有皮肤损伤、脱发、消化道症状、异常生育等,可通过加强防护意识、操作技能培训提高护理人员的防护意识,加强管理制度,制定有效防护策略等措施,减少职业暴露。Objective:To analyze the occupational hazards of tumor chemotherapeutic drugs on nursing staff and protective measures.Methods:Sixty nursing staff working in Sichuan Cancer Hospital from September 2020 to September 2022 were selected as observation subjects.Among them,thirty nursing staffs who had been exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs for>2 years served as the observation group,and thirty nursing staffs with no history of exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs served as the control group.The nursing staff were examined to summarize the hazardous factors of the nursing staff engaged in chemotherapy nursing in the observation group,analyze the causes and formulate protective measures.Compare the incidence of occupational hazards and protection of nursing staff in the two groups.Results:The incidence of skin damage,hair loss,digestive symptoms and abnormal births in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);After the implementation of protective measures,the scores of protective consciousness,operation level and management system of the observation group were higher than those before the implementation,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.001).Conclusion:The occupational hazards of tumor chemotherapeutic drugs to nursing staff include skin damage,hair loss,digestive symptoms,and abnormal fertility.Occupational exposure can be reduced by strengthening the awareness of protection,operation skills training to improve the protection awareness of nursing staff,strengthening the management system,and developing effective protection strategies.

关 键 词：肿瘤化疗药物 职业危害 防护措施 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]