浙江沿海0岁~6岁儿童感染性腹泻流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of infectious diarrhea in children aged 0-6 years in Ninghai County,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：刘世科[1] 章海斌[1] 陈伟[1] 张峰[2] 章金川 陈庥秀 LIU Shi-ke;ZHANG Hai-bin;CHEN Wei;ZHANG Feng;ZHANG Jin-chuan;CHEN Xiu-xiu(Infectious Disease Control Department,Ninghai County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang 315600,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]宁海县疾病预防控制中心传防科,浙江315600 [2]宁海县疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科 [3]宁海县妇幼保健医院儿科

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2023年第16期2023-2026,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：浙江省宁海县社会发展类科技项目(2119)。

摘　　要：目的分析浙江省宁海县2017年—2021年0岁~6岁儿童感染性腹泻的流行特征,为制定沿海地区儿童感染性腹泻防治策略提供科学依据。方法分析2017年—2021年浙江省宁海县0岁~6岁儿童感染性腹泻流行病学特征,从监测哨点医院采集病例腹泻标本开展病原检测。结果2017年—2021年浙江省宁海县共报告0岁~6岁儿童感染性腹泻14391例。每年12月—次年2月为发病高峰。平原地区发病率高于沿海、山区发病率;城市发病率高于农村。发病男女性别比为1.51:1,人群分布以1岁及以下婴幼儿为主,发病率随年龄增长总体成下降趋势。病原以肠道病毒感染为主,其次为肠道致病菌感染。肠道病毒病以轮状病毒(A型)为主,其次为肠道腺病毒,同时感染2种及以上肠道病毒2例。细菌性病原体以沙门菌感染为主,其中鼠伤寒沙门菌占沙门菌感染者的60.00%。结论浙江省宁海县0岁~6岁儿童感染性腹泻发病主要在平原地区,冬春季节高发,1岁及以下婴幼儿是该疾病预防的重点人群,预防婴幼儿轮状病毒感染,可有效降低儿童感染性腹泻的发病率。Objective This paper aims to analyze the epidemic characteristics of infectious diarrhea among children aged 0-6 years in Ninghai County,Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2021,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies for infectious diarrhea among children in coastal areas.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea among children aged 0-6 in Ninghai County,Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2021 were analyzed,and samples of diarrhea cases were collected from sentinel hospitals for pathogen detection.Results A total of 14391 cases of infectious diarrhea were reported in children aged 0-6 in Ninghai County,Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2021.The incidence peak is from December to the next February.The incidence rate in plain area is higher than that in coastal and mountainous areas.The incidence rate in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas.The ratio of male to female is 1.51:1,and the population distribution is dominated by infants aged 1 year and below.The incidence rate generally shows a downward trend with age.The main pathogen was enterovirus infection,followed by intestinal pathogenic bacteria infection.Enterovirus disease was mainly caused by rotavirus(Type A),followed by enteroadenovirus,and 2 cases were infected with two or more enteroviruses at the same time.Salmonella infection was the main bacterial pathogen,among which Salmonella typhimurium accounted for 60% of Salmonella infections.Conclusion Infectious diarrhea in children aged 0-6 in Ninghai County,Zhejiang Province mainly occurs in plain areas.The incidence of infectious diarrhea is high in winter and spring.Infants aged 1 and below are the key population for the prevention of infectious diarrhea.The prevention of rotavirus infection in infants can effectively reduce the incidence rate of infectious diarrhea in children.

关 键 词：感染性腹泻 沿海地区 0岁~6岁儿童 流行特征 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]