油基岩屑掺烧对燃煤锅炉的重金属排放与迁移特性影响研究  

Emission and migration characteristics of heavy metals during the co-burning of oil-based drill cuttings in a coal-fired boiler

作　　者：李新宁 闫大海[2,3] 刘美佳 陈超 李丽 崔长颢[2,3] LI Xinning;YAN Dahai;LIU Meijia;CHEN Chao;LI Li;CUI Changhao(Ningxia Shangfeng Mengsheng Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ningxia Gansu 751507;Research Institute of Solid Waste Management,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control,Beijing 100012)

机构地区：[1]宁夏上峰萌生环保科技有限公司,甘肃宁夏751507 [2]中国环境科学研究院固体废物污染控制技术研究所,北京100012 [3]国家环境保护危险废物鉴别与风险控制重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第9期1248-1253,1258,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(No.2019YSKY-016)。

摘　　要：页岩气开采过程中,随着油基钻井液的注入而产生的岩屑被称为油基岩屑。因其表面黏附有矿物油,目前按照危险废物管理。为探索油基岩屑的资源化利用技术,选取四川省某燃煤锅炉,以33.3%(占煤质量的质量分数)的比例掺加油基岩屑开展试验,研究重金属在烟气中的排放情况以及在灰渣的分配规律和浸出特性。结果显示:(1)相较于煤,油基岩屑具有低水分、高灰分、低热值的特点。以33.3%的比例掺烧油基岩屑,不会对燃煤锅炉的正常运行产生影响;(2)在掺烧过程中,Hg、As、Cr、Zn、Pb、Ba和Cu等重金属基本赋存在灰渣里,挥发进入烟气中的重金属含量极低。(3)除Cr和Cu显示出较高的浸出率外,其他重金属浸出率均小于10%,表明燃煤锅炉内部的高温环境可以将大多数重金属固定在灰渣中。Oil-based drill cuttings(OBDC)are produced with the injection of oil-based drilling fluid during the process of shale gas exploitation.Currently,OBDC are managed as hazardous waste due to the presence of mineral oil on its surface.In order to explore the utilization technology of OBDC,a coal-fired boiler in Sichuan Province was selected to carry out a co-burning experiment with the proportion of OBDC of 33.3%,to study the emission and migration characteristics of heavy metals in gaseous and solid samples.Results showed that:(1)compared with coal,OBDC had lower moisture content,higher ash content and lower calorific value.Co-burning OBDC at a mixing ratio of 33.3%would not affect the normal operation of coal-fired boiler.(2)During co-burning,heavy metals such as Hg,As,Cr,Zn,Pb,Ba and Cu stayed in electrostatic ash,cloth bag ash and boiler slag,the content of heavy metals remained in flue gas was extremely low.(3)Except for Cr and Cu,which showed higher leaching rates,the leaching rates of other heavy metals were all lower than 10%,indicating that the high temperature environment inside the coal-fired boiler could keep most of the heavy metals in ash and slag.

关 键 词：燃煤锅炉 油基岩屑 重金属 烟气排放 分配与浸出 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]