不同组合微生物菌剂对牛粪堆肥效果的影响  

Effects of Different Compound Microbial Inoculum on Composting Cow Manure

作　　者：张业怀 凌丁 王天想 吕贵律 黄安定 Zhang Ye-huai;Ling Ding;Wang Tian-xiang;Lyu Gui-lyu;Huang An-ding(Guangxi Agricultural Vocational Technical University,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Aquatic Animal and Veterinary Medicine Station of Tuokan Town of Tiandeng County,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532806,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业职业技术大学,广西南宁530007 [2]广西崇左市天等县驮堪乡水产畜牧兽医站,广西崇左532806

出　　处：《广西农学报》2023年第4期54-59,共6页Journal of Guangxi Agriculture

基　　金：2020年广西农业科技自筹经费项目(Z202007);2019年广西农业科技自筹经费项目(Z201991)。

摘　　要：为了探讨不同的微生物菌剂对牛粪堆肥的影响,该试验以80%牛粪+20%玉米秸秆为堆肥材料,设计4个堆肥处理,前3个处理组分别加入0.05%的菌剂A(黑曲霉+煎盘梭菌+普通高温放线菌)、0.05%菌剂B(黑曲霉+煎盘梭菌+热纤梭菌)和0.05%菌剂C(黑曲霉+煎盘梭菌),处理组4为不加菌剂的对照组,每个处理3个重复,经过31 d堆肥处理,以发酵温度、pH值、有机质含量、全氮含量和种子发芽指数5个指标进行跟踪测定。结果表明:菌剂A、B、C处理仅用1 d时间堆肥温度就升至50℃以上,高温阶段能持续时间分别为15 d、14 d、11 d便能完成发酵;发酵过程中菌剂A、B、C处理pH值基本低于对照组,pH值的变化呈现为下降、上升、下降至平稳的趋势。堆制第30 d与第0 d相比,所有处理的全氮含量比0 d时增加,对照组、菌剂A、B、C处理分别增加为11.01%、29.36%、33.94%和24.77%;所有处理组有机质含量均下降,对照组、菌剂A、B、C处理分别下降12.34%、26.14%、31.55%、19.88%。菌剂A、B、C处理的小白菜种子发芽指数达到74.63%以上,菌剂B处理最高达到97.73%。综合以上各项评价指标,菌剂B堆肥发酵效果优于菌剂A、C,菌剂B更适合牛粪堆肥发酵。In order to investigate the effects of different microbial inoculum on composting cow manure,four composting treatments were designed with 80%cow manure+20%corn straw as composting materials.The first three treatment groups were as follows:inoculum A added with 0.05%compound microbial(Aspergillus niger+Clostridium sartagoforme+Thermoactinomyces vulgaris),inoculum B added with 0.05%compound microbial(Aspergillus niger+Clostridium sartagoforme+Clostridium thermocellum)and inoculum C added with 0.05%compound microbial(Aspergillus niger+Clostridium sartagoforme).The treatment group 4 did not add inoculum as control group.Each treatment was repeated 3 times.After 31 days of composting treatment,the changes of compost index including temperature,PH,organic contents,total nitrogen and seed germination index were studied.The result shows that in the three treatment groups with compound microbial inoculum A,B and C,the temperature rises above 50℃in 1 day with the ferment finished in 15 days,14 days and11 days respectively.In their fermentation process,The pH values were basically lower than those in the control group while the change of pH value shows a trend of decreasing,rising and decreasing to stability.Compared with the 0 d,the total nitrogen content of all treatments increased on the 30 th day.The control group,compound microbial inoculum A,B,C treatment increased by 11.01%,29.36%,33.94%and 24.77%respectively.The organic content in all treatment groups decreased,while that in control group,treatment A,B and C decreased by 12.34%,26.14%,31.55%and 19.88%respectively.The germination index of Chinese cabbage seeds,treated with compound microbial inoculum A,B and C,reached more than 74.63%,and the highest germination index of Chinese cabbage seeds,treated with inoculum B,reached 97.73%.Based on the above indexes,the composting fermentation effect of inoculum B is better than that of inoculum A and C,and inoculum B is more suitable for composting fermentation of cow manure.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 牛粪 堆肥 黑曲霉 煎盘梭菌 普通高温放线菌 热纤梭菌 

分 类 号：S821.6[农业科学—畜牧学]