基于城市空间结构的轨道交通线网生成方法  

Generation Method of Rail Transit Network Based on Urban Spatial Structure

作　　者：王子甲[1,2] 邹林沐 李婧琪 陈峰 WANG Zijia;ZOU Linmu;LI Jingqi;CHEN Feng(School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Rail Transit Line Safety and Disaster Prevention,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京市轨道线路安全与防灾工程技术研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2023年第5期58-68,共11页China Railway Science

基　　金：北京交通大学基本科研业务费项目(2022JBZY039)。

摘　　要：为破解目前轨道交通线网规划方法主观随意性较大,形成的方案与城市发展和延伸方向不符,以及交通供给与需求难以在时空上很好匹配的问题,提出一种基于城市空间结构的城市轨道交通线网生成方法。首先,采用反距离修正的Infomap算法划分城市组团;其次,对线网数据进行前置数据处理,缩小模型的计算范围并推算得到线网密度、客流强度和线网规模3项关键参数;然后,构建线网生成模型,按照“组团间线网生成—组团内线网生成—线网整合与优化”的技术路线生成线网。依托某市实际数据构建算例,验证该线网生成方法的效果。结果表明:相比于该市的实际线网,前述方法得到的线网在布局上的延伸性更优,覆盖面积率提升68%,线网吸引范围内的公交站点数量更多,增加了639个,线网的全局可达性更高;增加的组团划分步骤,能够显著提升线网覆盖的中心城区面积率,生成线网的辐射力度和带动作用更强。In order to solve the problems that the existing planning method of rail transit network is subjective and random,and the scheme formed is inconsistent with the direction of urban development and extension,resulting in difficulties of well matching the traffic supply and demand in time and space,a generation method of urban rail transit network based on the urban spatial structure is proposed.Firstly,the inverse distance modified Infomap algorithm is used for city group division,and then the relevant data of network is pre-processed to narrow down the calculation range of the model and to derive three key parameters:network density,passenger flow intensity and network scale.Finally,the network generation model is established,and the network is generated according to the technical route of“generation of inter group network-generation of internal group network-network integration and optimization”.Taking the real data of a city as an example to verify the effectiveness of the network generation method.The results show that compared with the actual network of the city,the network obtained by the proposed method has a better extension in terms of layout.With a 68%increase in the area ratio of coverage,the number of bus stops in the network attraction scope increases by 639,which indicates that the global accessibility of the network is higher.In addition,the added step of group division can significantly increase the area ratio of the central city covered by the network,meaning that the generated network has a stronger radiation intensity and driving effect.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 线网规划 线网生成模型 组团划分 Infomap算法 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]