浅丘地带主要气象灾害特征及风险分析——以绵西高速公路为例  

Characteristics and Risk Analysis of Main Meteorological Disasters in Shallow Hills:A Case Study of Mianxi Expressway

作　　者：刘书慧[1,2] 卢德全 李梦[1,2] LIU Shuhui;LU Dequan;LI Meng(Nanchong Meteorologic Bureau of Shichuan Province,Nanchong 637000,China;Nanchong Key Laboratory of Strong Weather Research in Northeast Sichuan,Nanchong 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省南充市气象局,四川南充637000 [2]川东北强天气研究南充市重点实验室,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中低纬山地气象》2023年第4期31-35,59,共6页Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目重点专项(SCQXKJZD2019004):基于地理网格的高速公路气象服务系统研究;南充市气象局气象灾害防御与科普宣传创新团队

摘　　要：该文应用绵西高速公路(S32)交通管制台账资料、沿途气象观测站数据,通过统计学、GIS区划等方式,研究分析绵西高速公路道路管制情况、灾害性天气直接影响下交通管制情况分布特征、主要气象灾害风险等级。得出以下结论:(1)绵西高速公路运营以来至2021年,受灾害性天气及其引发的次生灾害造成的交通管制占比77.7%,主要原因是大雾天气、强降水及其引发的路面积水;季节天气影响交通管制程度由高到低分别为冬、夏、秋、春。(2)2019—2021年绵西高速公路由大雾造成交通管制的平均时长较强降水更长,发生时段更集中。大雾造成交通管制持续时间平均时长为5 h,管制开始时间主要集中在00—08时,解除时间在07—11时;强降水直接造成交通管制持续时间平均时长为3 h,管制开始时间为08—10时和15—21时,结束时间在10—17时。研究成果为交通运维工作提供有效的决策参考意见,有力地保障道路安全畅通,最大限度地减少因灾害性天气造成的交通事故,有利于提高生产效率和社会经济效益。In this paper,by applying the traffic control ledger information of the Mianxi Expressway(S32),the data from meteorological observation stations along the way,and used statistics,GIS regionalization and other methods to study and analyze,obtained the road control situation on Mianxi Expressway,the distribution characteristics of traffic control under the direct influence of disastrous weather,and the major meteorological disaster risk levels.The result is:(1)from the Mianxi Expressway operation until 2021,traffic control caused by disastrous weather and secondary disasters accounted for 77.7%,mainly due to fog,heavy precipitation and road water;the influence of seasonal weather on traffic control from high to low was Winter,Summer,Autumn and Spring.(2)From 2019 to 2021,the average duration of traffic control caused by fog on Mianxi Expressway was longer than that of heavy precipitation,and the occurrence period was more concentrated.The average duration of the traffic control caused by the fog was 5 hours,with the start time of the traffic control mainly concentrated from 00∶00 to 08∶00 am and the ending time from 07∶00 to 11∶00.The average duration of traffic control as a direct result of heavy rainfall was three hours,starting from 08∶00 to 10∶00 and 15∶00 to 21∶00,and ending from 10∶00 to 17∶00.The results can be used to provide effective decision-making advice for traffic operation and maintenance work,effectively guarantee the road safety and smooth,minimize the occurrence of traffic accidents caused by disastrous weather,and help to improve production efficiency and social and economic benefits.

关 键 词：交通气象 绵西高速 气象服务 风险特征分析 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]