城市源生物炭对城市土壤溶解性有机质及重金属有效态的影响  

The effect of urban biochar on urban soil DOM characteristics and heavy metal availability

作　　者：吴文雨 唐剑锋 郑思俊 柯紫妍 耿春女 WU Wenyu;TANG Jianfeng;ZHENG Sijun;KE Ziyan;GENG Chunnv(School of Ecological Technology and Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China;Ningbo Observation and Research Station,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315830,Zhejiang,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Sciences and Planning,Shanghai 200232,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学生态技术与工程学院,上海201418 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所宁波观测研究站,浙江宁波315830 [3]中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [4]上海市园林科学规划研究院,上海200232

出　　处：《应用技术学报》2023年第3期232-241,共10页Journal of Technology

基　　金：浙江省城市环境过程与污染控制重点实验室开放课题项目(NUEORS202007);上海应用技术大学中青年科技人才发展基金项目(ZQ2019-17)资助。

摘　　要：为解决城市废弃物日益增多和城市土壤重金属含量普遍偏高的问题,将3种城市源废弃物(园林修剪的树枝、生活垃圾和稻壳)制备成生物炭,探讨不同城市源生物炭施用对2种城市土壤(滨河土壤和工业土壤)重金属有效态和土壤溶解性有机质的影响。结果表明,工业土壤的有机质含量显著高于滨河土壤,但溶解性有机质的含量、芳香性/疏水性及分子量却显著低于滨河土壤。稻壳生物炭处理,显著降低了滨河土壤类蛋白质物质C2和类腐殖质物质C3的含量。3种生物炭的处理,增加了类腐殖质物质C1的百分比,而降低了C2的百分比,以稻壳生物炭处理效果最明显。工业土壤的Cu和Pb的总量和有效态含量均显著高于滨河土壤;工业土壤的Zn总量显著高于滨河土壤,但有效态含量无差异。生活垃圾生物炭降低了滨河土壤的Zn有效态含量,有望用来降低城市土壤Zn的环境风险。In order to solve the two problem of increasing urban waste and generally high content of heavy metals in urban soil,three kinds of urban source waste(garden pruned branches,domestic waste and rice husk)were prepared into biochar,and the effects of different application of urban source biochar on the availability of heavy metals and soil dissolved organic matter in two kinds of urban soil(riverside soil and industrial soil)were discussed.The results showed that the organic matter content of industrial soil was significantly higher than that of riverside soil,but the content,aromaticity/hydrophobicity and molecular weight of dissolved organic matter were significantly lower than those of riverside soil.Rice husk biochar treatment significantly reduced the contents of protein-like substance C2 and humus-like substance C3 in riverside soil.Three kinds of biochar increased the percentage of humus-like substance C1 and decreased the percentage of C2,among which,rice husk biochar was the most obvious.The total and available concentrations of Cu and Pb in industrial soil were significantly higher than those in riverside soil.However,the total concentration of Zn in industrial soil was significantly higher than that in riverside soil,but there was no difference in available concentration.Domestic waste biochar reduced the available Zn concentration in riverside soil,which is expected to be used to reduce the environmental risk of Zn in urban soil.

关 键 词：城市废弃物 溶解性有机碳 生活垃圾生物炭 方差分析模型 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]