厌氧氨氧化工艺系统微生物群落研究进展  

An Overview of Advances in Microbial Communities of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation(ANAMMOX)Process

作　　者：闫冰 聂寒冰 付嘉琦[1,2,3] 刘勇 桂双林 夏嵩[1,2,3] YAN Bing;NIE Hanbing;FU Jiaqi;LIU Yong;GUI Shuanglin;XIA Song(Energy Research Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Science,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Carbon Neutralization Research Center,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Carbon Neutral Technology Innovation Center,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院能源研究所,南昌330096 [2]江西省碳中和研究中心,南昌330096 [3]江西省碳中和技术创新中心,南昌330096

出　　处：《能源研究与管理》2023年第3期32-41,共10页Energy Research and Management

基　　金：江西省科学院省级财政项目-杰出青年人才培育计划(2023YSBG50010、2022YSBG500006);江西省科学院省级包干制项目(2022YJC2009、2022YSBG21010)。

摘　　要：厌氧氨氧化工艺能高效低耗地处理高浓度氨氮、低碳氮比废水,因此受到广泛关注。厌氧氨氧化工艺系统中的厌氧氨氧化菌及其相关的微生物群落是系统稳定高效运行的前提保障。近年来,已有大量研究关注厌氧氨氧化系统微生物群落结构及多样性,回答了一些关键问题,但缺乏系统的总结与论述。基于此,对厌氧氨氧化菌种类和特征进行了介绍,分析了厌氧氨氧化工艺系统内微生物群落结构特征,总结了微生物群落演替及种间相互作用关系,不同厌氧氨氧化反应器门水平群落组成类似,不同条件下厌氧氨氧化系统内微生物群落和AnAOB菌种发生演替。进一步探讨了系统内伴生菌群对脱氮性能及系统稳定运行发挥的作用,并对今后厌氧氨氧化工艺系统微生物群落研究需要关注的问题进行了展望,包括:(1)以厌氧氨氧化为主的多种脱氮功能菌共存的混合生物脱氮系统。(2)厌氧氨氧化工艺系统内伴生菌群扮演的角色和功能。(3)不同尺度下(实验室、中试、实际工程等规模)厌氧氨氧化系统内微生物群落特征和脱氮功能菌群差异以及它们在不同条件(温度、DO、水力负荷等)的演变机制。Anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX)process has attracted widespread attention as an efficient and low-cost technology for treating highly concentrated ammonia and low C/N ratio wastewater.Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria and their related microbial communities are a prerequisite for stable and efficient operation of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation system.In recent years,a large number of studies have focused on the microbial community structure and diversity in the ANAMMOX process,answering some key questions,but lacking systematic summary and discussion.Based on this,the article introduces the types and characteristics of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria,analyzes the microbial community structure in the ANAMMOX process,summarizes microbial community succession and interspecies interactions,and the community composition at the phylum level in different ANAMMOX reactors is similar.Moreover,the microbial community and anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB)species in the ANAMMOX system undergo succession under different conditions.The article further explores the role of associated microbial communities in the system on denitrification performance and stable operation,and looks ahead to the research that needs to be focused on in the future on microbial community in ANAMMOX process,including:(1)Mixed microbial denitrification systems in which multiple denitrifying functional bacteria coexist with anaerobic ammonium oxidation as the main process.(2)The roles and functions of associated microbial communities in the ANAMMOX process.(3)The differences in microbial community characteristics and denitrifying functional bacterial groups in the ANAMMOX process at different scales(laboratory,pilot,and full scale),and their succession characteristics under different conditions(temperature,dissolved oxygen,hydraulic load,etc.).

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 微生物群落 生物脱氮 互作关系 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]