光叶苕子(Vicia villosa var.)内生细菌Sz-2的特性及其对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果  

Characteristics of endophytic bacteria Sz-2 from smooth vetch(Vicia villosa var.)and its control effect on banana Fusarium wilt

作　　者：阮彦楠 付利波[1] 番华彩[1] 陈检锋[1] 郑泗军[1] 尹梅[1] 王伟 陈华[1] 王永芬 毛俊 李舒 王志远[1] RUAN Yan-nan;FU Li-bo;FAN Hua-cai;CHEN Jian-feng;ZHENG Si-jun;YIN Mei;WANG Wei;CHEN Hua;WANG Yong-fen;MAO Jun;LI Shu;WANG Zhi-yuan(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Kunming College,Kunming,Yunnan 650214,China;Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]昆明学院,云南昆明650214 [3]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山678000

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2023年第8期1507-1519,共13页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32160760);国家绿肥产业技术体系基金项目(CARS22-Z14);云南省人才项目。

摘　　要：【目的】从云南绿肥主推品种光叶紫花苕根内筛选出对香蕉具有促生和拮抗作用的菌株,并对其特性和香蕉枯萎病的防治效果进行研究,以丰富生防促生菌株资源库。【方法】从光叶紫花苕根中筛选出高效拮抗菌株Sz-2,使用平板对峙试验测定菌株抑菌效果;并测定其体外解磷、解钾、固氮及产铁载体能力;通过形态学观察、生理生化测定和16S rDNA序列分析,对该菌株进行了分类鉴定。布置盆栽试验,设4个处理:无抗生菌对照和接种病原菌TR4、Sz-2+TR4、Sz-2,测定香蕉叶片和球茎的发病指数以及促生效果。【结果】光叶紫花苕根内分离得到的菌株Sz-2对香蕉枯萎病菌具有较好的拮抗效果,平板径向抑菌率达74.3%。菌株Sz-2为革兰氏阴性细菌,菌落形态呈浅白色、放射状,接触酶、氧化酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、β-半乳糖苷酶、精氨酸双水解酶、明胶水解、硝酸还原反应、纤维二糖、柠檬酸反应、葡萄糖发酵反应、酪素水解等均为阳性,吲哚反应、淀粉水解、产H2S反应、鸟氨酸脱羧酶、脲酶反应为阴性。结合形态学和分子生物学鉴定菌株Sz-2为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)。盆栽结果显示,接种拮抗菌Sz-2后的香蕉球茎和叶片枯萎病发生较轻,球茎纵切面和叶片颜色正常且植株生长健康,对球茎和叶片的防效达69.66%和84.60%;香蕉茎粗、单株鲜重和株高与CK相比分别提高了6.01 mm、83.3 g和11.82 cm。【结论】菌株Sz-2对香蕉枯萎病具有较好的防治作用,加之其解磷、解钾和产铁载体功能,对香蕉植株具有显著的促生效果,可结合绿肥研制具有防控香蕉枯萎病的功能型绿肥,为香蕉促生抗病菌株的进一步田间开发应用提供理论依据。【Objectives】From the roots of Vicia villosa var.,a main green manure cultivar,we screened out endophytic bacteria strain(Sz-2)with pro-biotic and antagonistic effects on banana Fusarium wilt,and studied their characteristics to enrich the resource pool of biocontrol and pro-biotic strains.【Methods】The inhibitory effect of the strain Sz-2 was determined using the plate standoff test,and the in vitro phosphorus solubilizing,potassium solubilizing,nitrogen fixing,and iron-producing carrier capacity were also determined using regular methods.The strain was taxonomically identified by morphological observations,physiological and biochemical determinations,and 16S rDNA sequence analyses.The morbidity indices of banana leaf and bulb,as well as the promotional effect of the strain were tested using a pot experiment,in which four treatments(CK,TR4,Sz-2+TR4,and Sz-2)were set up to assess the efficacy of the strain in the prevention and control of banana blight,and the promotion effect on the growth of bananas.【Results】Strain Sz-2 showed a good antagonistic effect on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense,with a plate radial inhibition rate of 74.3%.Strain Sz-2 is a Gram-negative bacterium,with light white,radial colony morphology,positive for contact enzyme,oxidase,lysine decarboxylase,β-galactosidase,arginine bis-hydrolyase,gelatin hydrolysis,nitrate reduction reaction,cellobiose,citric acid reaction,glucose fermentation reaction,and tyrosine hydrolysis,and negative for indole reaction,starch hydrolysis,H2S-producing reaction,ornithine decarboxylase,and urease reaction.Combining the morphology and molecular biology,strain Sz-2 is identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.In the pot experiment,the inoculation of Sz-2 decreased the banana bulb and leaf blight index by 69.66%and 84.60%,respectively;the longitudinal section of the bulb and the leaf color were normal and the plants were healthy under treatment of Sz-2;the stem thickness,the single plant fresh weight and height were 6.01 mm,83.3 g and 11.82 cm higher tha

关 键 词：光叶苕子 香蕉枯萎病 内生菌 分离鉴定 抑菌效果 嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]