小麦抗低温逆境化控技术研究进展  

Progress of chemical regulation on wheat resistance to low temperature stress

作　　者：陈翔[1] 胡雨喆 陈甜甜 代雯慈 李胜男 郭健鹏 高赛 王捧娜 翁颖 郑宝强 李金才[1,2] CHEN Xiang;HU Yu-zhe;CHEN Tian-tian;DAI Wen-ci;LI Sheng-nan;GUO Jian-peng;GAO Sai;WANG Peng-na;WENG Ying;ZHENG Bao-qiang;LI Jin-cai(College of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University/Crop Cultivation Science Observatory in East China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Crop Production in Jiangsu,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院/农业农村部华东地区作物栽培科学观测站,安徽合肥230036 [2]江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2023年第8期1543-1555,共13页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110364050);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2008085QC122);安徽省重大科技专项(202003b06020021);淮北市重大科技专项(HK2021013);“十四五”安徽省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(340000222426000100009)。

摘　　要：全球气候变化背景下,极端低温气候灾害事件频发重发已成为影响小麦生产高质高效发展的重要限制因素。为提高小麦的抗低温能力、保障全球粮食安全,前人开展了大量关于外源化控剂缓解小麦低温逆境胁迫的研究。本研究根据2000年1月1日至2022年12月31日公开发表的与小麦抗低温化控技术有关的文献,依据外源化控调控剂的作用机理,将其分为改善光合系统、诱导合成渗透调节物质、提高抗氧化酶活性、激素调节以及影响抗寒基因表达,共5大类,并总结了这5类作用机理相关的产品开发现状。今后应加强外源化控调控剂缓解低温逆境的机理研究,细化调控剂的施用时期、剂量范围及施用方法,不断优化化控产品生产工艺,以期充分发挥小麦化控抗低温技术在防灾减灾和提质增效中的作用。Low temperature stress is a common limiting factor for high quality and high yield of wheat production,many researches have been carried out to alleviate the adverse impact by application of exogenous chemical agents.We searched the published literatures related to low-temperature chemical control in wheat from January 1 of 2000 to December 31 of 2022.According to the mechanism,the exogenous chemical agents regulate the low temperature tolerance of wheat through five paths,i.e.improving photosynthetic efficiency,inducing and synthesizing osmotic adjustment substances,increasing antioxidant enzyme activity,stimulating the synthesis of hormone and up-expressing of cold tolerance genes.We also focused on the progress in production of chemical agents corresponded to each category of the mechanism.In the future,more researches are needed for fully understand the mechanism of exogenous chemical control regulators,efficient application of chemical agents by suitable application period,dosage and method,and further optimize the research and procession technology of chemical agent production,aiming to achieve efficient prevention and mitigation of the adverse impact caused by low temperature on wheat production.

关 键 词：小麦 低温胁迫 化控 生理机制 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]