通过废水监测新冠疫情——基于废水的流行病学方法介绍  

COVID-19 surveillance via wastewater:Introduction of wastewater-based epidemiology

作　　者：刘蓬勃 庄贵华 LIU Pengbo;ZHUANG Guihua(Hubert Department of Global Health,Rollins School of Public Health,Emory University,Atlanta,GA 30322,the USA;Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]美国Emory大学公共卫生学院全球健康教研室,Atlanta,GA 30322,USA [2]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2023年第5期659-667,共9页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

摘　　要：自2019年新冠肺炎在全球暴发以来,通过收集废水观察人群新冠肺炎病毒感染状况和发展趋势,被称为基于废水的流行病学方法,受到多个国家和地区的广泛关注。该方法包括5个步骤:废水标本收集、病毒浓缩、病毒核酸提取、定量RT-PCR检测、监测结果分享。该方法可用于人群新冠暴发疫情的早期预警、观察疫情的分布和发展趋势、估计人群新冠肺炎感染率、了解新冠肺炎病毒在人群中的变异规律及同时监测多种疾病的人群感染状况。废水监测可以和新冠临床监测方法同时使用,是临床新冠监测的很好补充。Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 global pandemic in 2019,monitoring COVID-19 infection status and trend through wastewater,known as wastewater-based epidemiology(WBE),has been widely used in many countries and regions.WBE consists of five steps:wastewater sample collection,viral concentration,viral nucleic acid extraction,quantification of virus using quantitative RT-PCR,and dissemination of the wastewater surveillance results.This method could be used for early warning of COVID-19 outbreak in a population,monitoring COVID-19 distributions and epidemic trend,prediction of COVID-19 prevalence rate,understanding of temporal trend of SARS-COV-2 variants,and simultaneous surveillance of multiple pathogens.WBE and clinical surveillance can be used concurrently and the former is a good complement to the latter.

关 键 词：2019冠状病毒病 新冠肺炎病毒 基于废水的流行病学 废水监测 实时定量RT-PCR 变异株 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]