污水中分离的大肠杆菌噬菌体和金黄色葡萄球菌噬菌体的生物学特性分析  

Biological characteristics of Escherichia coli phage and Staphylococcus aureus phage isolated from sewage

作　　者：王香妮 马彩琴 刘进仁 刘娜 王曦迎 鹿佳佳 康楚楚 石兴民 袁网[2] WANG Xiangni;MA Caiqin;LIU Jinren;LIU Na;WANG Xiying;LU Jiajia;KANG Chuchu;SHI Xingmin;YUAN Wang(School of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center,Xi’an 710061;Department of PET-CT,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061;Yuncheng Vocational and Technical University,Yuncheng 044000;Medical Affairs Office,Second Affiliated Hospital,Airforce Military Medical University,Xi’an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院,陕西西安710061 [2]西安交通大学第一附属医院PET-CT室,陕西西安710061 [3]运城职业技术大学,山西运城044000 [4]空军军医大学第二附属医院医务处,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2023年第5期823-829,共7页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划面上项目(No.2022JM-556);国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.52041702),陕西省青年基金项目(No.2022JQ-882)。

摘　　要：目的以污水中分离的大肠杆菌噬菌体(Escherichia coli phage,ECP)和金黄色葡萄球菌噬菌体(Staphylococcus aureus phage,SAP)作为研究对象,初步分析其生物学特性,为研究噬菌体应用提供新的实验材料。方法采用双层琼脂法纯化ECP和SAP,利用扫描电镜观察形态特征,通过最佳感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)实验、一步生长曲线实验、温度、pH、氯仿及紫外线敏感性实验进行生物学特性分析。结果根据形态将两种噬菌体归为肌尾噬菌体科,最佳MOI均为10^(-1),均对紫外线具有较强的抵抗力。ECP和SAP的潜伏期分别为20 min和10 min,子代噬菌体裂解量分别为76.3 PFU/cell和8.3 PFU/cell。ECP对温度耐受范围较宽,能在30~50℃稳定存活,而SAP对温度较敏感,在50℃的条件下,作用1 h,即可完全失活;ECP在pH为5~11的范围内,SAP在pH为6~9的范围内维持较好的裂解活性;ECP对氯仿具有较强的耐受性,为无囊膜型噬菌体,而SAP对氯仿较敏感,为囊膜型噬菌体。结论ECP和SAP均为烈性噬菌体,对紫外线有较强的抵抗力;ECP的裂解性、对温度、pH及氯仿的耐受性均强于SAP。Objective Escherichia coli phage(ECP)and Staphylococcus aureus phage(SAP)isolated from sewage were used as research objects,and their biological characteristics were analyzed to provide new experimental materials for the application of phages.Methods ECP and SAP were purified and cultured by double-layer agar method.Then a series of biological characteristics of these two phages were preliminarily analyzed by electron microscope observation,optimal multiplicity of infection(MOI)test,one-step growth curve test,temperature,pH,chloroform and ultraviolet sensitivity tests,respectively.Results The results of biological characteristics showed that ECP and SAP were both virulent phages,belonging to myoviridac family.Their optimal MOI was 10^(-1),and they had strong resistance to ultraviolet light.The cleavage volume of ECP was 76.3 PFU/cell,while that of SAP was 8.3 PFU/cell.ECP had a wide range of temperature tolerance and could stably survive at 30-50℃,while SAP was more sensitive to temperature and could be completely inactivated at 50℃for 1 h.ECP could maintain a good lysis activity in the range of pH 5-11,while SAP in the range of pH 6-9.ECP had strong resistance to chloroform and was non-membranous phage,while SAP was more sensitive to chloroform and was a membranous phage.Conclusion ECP and SAP are both virulent phages and have strong resistance to ultraviolet light.The lysability,temperature,pH,and chloroform tolerance of ECP are stronger than those of SAP.

关 键 词：大肠杆菌 金黄色葡萄球菌 噬菌体 生物学特性 生物防治 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]