不同矮化中间砧对瑞雪苹果花抗霜冻能力的影响  

Effects of dfferent dwarfing interstocks on frost resistance of Ruixue'apple flowers

作　　者：孙鲁龙 樊娟 王翠翠 李凤龙 刘振中[1] 赵政阳[1] SUN Lulong;FAN Juan;WANG Cuicui;LI Fenglong;LIU Zhenzhong;ZHAO Zhengyang(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第8期12-16,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2452020033);西北农林科技大学2020年度试验示范站(基地)科技创新与成果转化项目(TGZX2020-31)资助。

摘　　要：为提高苹果花的抗冻性,比较了M26、M9T337、SH6、SH38、SC1 5种矮化中间砧对瑞雪苹果花抗霜冻能力的影响。结果表明,在霜冻处理下,瑞雪花的10%致死温度(LT_(10))在-3.21~-2.37℃,平均为-2.74℃;半致死温度(LT_(50))在-6.00~-3.57℃,平均为-4.32℃,边花的抗霜冻能力整体上高于中心花。不同矮化中间砧对瑞雪中心花和边花抗冻性的影响不同,SH38可显著改善瑞雪花的抗冻性,中心花的LT_(10)、LT_(50)分别为-3.21、-4.65℃,边花的LT_(10)、LT_(50)分别为-3.07、-6.00℃。综上所述,推荐在黄土高原产区易发生花期冻害的产地优先选用SH38作为瑞雪的矮化中间砧。In order to improve the frost resistance of apple flowers,the effects of five kinds of dwarfing interstocks including M26,M9T337,SH6,SH38 and SC1 on the frost resistance of‘Ruixue’apple flowers were compared.The results showed that,under the condition of frost treatment,the 10%lethal temperature(LT10)of‘Ruixue’apple flowers ranged-3.21~-2.37℃,with an average of-2.74℃,and the semi-lethal temperature(LT50)of‘Ruixue’apple flowers ranged-6.00~-3.57℃,with an average of-4.32℃.The frost resistance of ray flowers was higher than that of central flowers.The effects of different dwarfing interstocks on the frost resistance of central flowers and ray flowers of‘Ruixue’apple were different.SH38 could significantly improve the frost resistance of‘Ruixue’apple flowers.The LT10 and LT50 of the center flower were-3.21℃and-4.65℃respectively,and the LT10 and LT50 of ray flowers were-3.07℃and-6.00℃respectively.SH38 is recommended as the dwarfing interstock of‘Ruixue’apple in the producing areas of the Loess Plateau,which are prone to frost injury at flowering stage.

关 键 词：苹果 花期冻害 砧穗组合 抗冻性 瑞雪 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]