新疆喀什枣树梨圆蚧发生危害规律及防控药剂筛选  

Regularity of occurrence and harm and screening of prevention and control agents of Quadraspidiotus perniciosus(Comstock)in jujube tree in Kashi,Xinjiang

作　　者：李辉辉 朱晓锋[2] 俞淑雯 秦坤焕 赵莉[1] LI Huihui;ZHU Xiaofeng;YU Shuwen;QIN Kunhuan;ZHAO Li(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830091;Plant Protection Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory for Comprehensive Control of Harmful Organisms of Desert Crops in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Forest and Fruit Industry)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业农村部西北荒漠作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,特色林果产业国家地方联合工程研究中心

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第8期88-91,F0002,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：新疆红枣产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(XJCYTX-01);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业(桃)产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-30-ZZ-19);国家重点研发计划课题“枣省力优质高效生产技术集成与产业链一体化示范”(2021YFD1000404)。

摘　　要：梨圆蚧为新疆地区果树主要害虫之一,为安全高效防控梨圆蚧,通过对喀什地区枣园梨圆蚧[Quadraspidiotus perniciosus(Comstock)]的系统调查发现:该虫1年发生3代,以2龄若虫固着在枝条上越冬,翌年4月上旬开始发育,5月中下旬产仔;第1代若虫6月上旬出现,6月下旬为盛期,危害嫩枝和叶片;第2代若虫7月下旬出现,8月上旬达到盛期,危害枝条、叶片和果实;第3代若虫9月上旬出现,9月中旬达到盛期,主要危害成熟果实。在防治上应以第1、2代若虫初孵期(6月上旬和7月下旬)为关键时期。通过对防控药剂的筛选发现:供试4种药剂(70%啶虫脒水分散粒剂+有机硅助剂、22%氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂、25%螺虫·吡丙醚悬浮剂、5%阿维菌素水乳剂+有机硅助剂)对梨圆蚧的防治效果均在90%以上,均可用于枣园梨圆蚧的防控。Quadraspidiotusperniciosus(Comstock)is one of the main pests of fruit trees in Xinjiang.In order to prevent and control the Quadraspidiotusperniciosus(Comstock)in orchard safely and efficiently,the systematic investigation of the Quadraspidiotusperniciosus(Comstock)in Kashi jujube orchard found that the insect occurred three generations a year,and overwinter as a 2-year-old nymph fixed on the branches,and began to develop in early April of the next year,and gave birth in middle and late May;the first generation of nymphs appeared in early June and reached its peak in middle June,harming the shoots and leaves;the second generation nymph appeared in late July and reached its peak in early August,harming branches,leaves and fruits;the third generation nymph appeared in early September and reached its peak in middle September,mainly damaging the mature fruit;the first and second generation nymph incubation period(early June and late July)should be the key period for control;through the screening of control and prevention agents,it was found that the control effects of the four tested agents(70%acetamiprid water dispersible granule+organosilicon additive,22%fluazidimefon suspension agent,25%spirilus pyrrolidine suspension agent,5%avermectin microemulsion+organosilicon additive)on Quadraspidiotus perniciosus(Comstock)was more than 90%,which could be used for controlling Quadraspidiotus perniciosus(Comstock)in orchard.

关 键 词：梨圆蚧 枣园 发生规律 危害规律 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S436.629[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]