化肥减施对辽宁1号核桃产量和品质的影响  

Effects of fertilizer reduction on yield and quality of‘Liaoning 1’walnut

作　　者：刘志月 庞立欣 高晰宇 安秀红 籍娇 何富强[5] 王红霞[1] 张锐[6] LIU Zhiyuei;PANG Lixin;GAO Xiyuu;AN Xiuhongi;JI Jiao;HE Fuqiang;WANG Hongxiai;ZHANG Rui(Mountainous Areas Research Institute of Hebei Agricultural University,Technology Innovation Center for Agricultural in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province,National Engineering Research Center for Agricultural in Northern Mountainous Areas,Baoding 071001;College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University;Institute of Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University;Wu’an Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau;Baoding University;Tarim University)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学山区研究所,河北省山区农业技术创新中心,国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,保定071001 [2]河北农业大学园艺学院 [3]河北农业大学科学技术研究院 [4]武安市农业农村局 [5]保定学院 [6]塔里木大学

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第9期53-56,64,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD2200402);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326352D)。

摘　　要：为了探明核桃施肥过程中适宜的化肥减施用量、高效施肥时期及施肥次数,实现核桃增产提质、高效增收的绿色可持续发展目标,以辽宁1号核桃为试材,采用差减法,研究不同时期化肥减施对辽宁1号核桃产量和品质的影响。结果表明:2次施肥处理(萌芽期、果实硬壳期或果实膨大期、果实硬壳期)与3次施肥处理(萌芽期、果实膨大期和果实硬壳期)的产量和果实品质差异不显著,但显著高于1次施肥处理;而萌芽期和果实膨大期施肥处理与1次施肥处理的产量和果实品质差异不显著。根据果园实际生产情况可减少辽宁1号核桃的施肥次数,仅选择在萌芽期、果实硬壳期或果实膨大期、果实硬壳期追肥,以达到节本保产效果,避免由于施肥过量而造成土壤和环境问题。In order to find out the appropriate fertilizer reduction amount,efficient fertilization period and fertilization frequency in the process of walnut fertilization,and achieve the green and sustainable development goal of increasing production and quality of walnut and increasing income efficiently,the effect of fertilizer reduction on the yield and quality of‘Liaoning 1’walnut was studied by differential subtraction method.The results showed that there was no significant difference in yield and fruit quality between two fertilization treatments(germination stage,fruit hard shell stage or fruit expansion stage,fruit hard shell stage)and three fertilization treatments(germination stage,fruit expansion stage and fruit hard shell stage),but significantly higher than one fertilization treatment.However,there was no significant difference in yield and fruit quality between fertilization treatment at germination stage and fruit expansion stage and one fertilization treatment.According to the actual production situation of the orchard,the fertilization times of‘Liaoning 1’walnut can be reduced,and only in the germination period,fruit hard shell period or fruit expansion period and fruit hard shell period can be selected to achieve cost saving and yield protection effect,and avoid soil and environmental problems caused by excessive fertilization.

关 键 词：核桃 化肥减施 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]