富氧底吹熔炼渣保温沉降过程铜物相成分及形态演化  

Phase composition and morphological evolution of copper in oxygen rich bottom blowing smelting slag during heat preservation

作　　者：杜宇航 李广建 王玲 田静 马保中 王成彦[1] DU Yu-hang;LI Guang-jian;WANG Ling;TIAN Jing;MA Bao-zhong;WANG Cheng-yan(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;China ENFI Engineering Corporation,Beijing 100038,China;Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter Limited Liability Company,Sanmenxia 472100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100038 [3]河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司,三门峡472100

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2023年第7期2257-2267,共11页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC1900303,2019YFC1908401)。

摘　　要：富氧底吹铜熔炼工艺具有原料适应性强、热效率高、烟尘率低等优点,但缺点是熔炼渣中铜含量高。为探索熔炼渣合理的铜含量,本文开展了炉渣保温静态沉降分离实验,并通过矿物自动分析仪、电子探针及工业CT扫描明晰了熔炼渣铜含量与铜物相成分和粒径间的定量关系。结果表明,底吹熔炼渣中损失的铜主要为粗细不均的机械夹带冰铜。将熔炼渣重熔至1300℃,并保温沉降10 min,当渣中铜含量从4.59%显著降低至1.13%(质量分数)时,粒径大于0.20 mm的粗粒冰铜有效沉降,10 min后,粗粒冰铜沉降趋于平稳。添加焦炭将熔渣黏度从0.35 kg/(m·s)降低至0.17 kg/(m·s)时,冰铜的有效沉降粒径下降为0.15 mm,粒径小于0.15 mm的冰铜无法在底吹炉内完成沉降。冰铜沉降规律符合Stokes公式理论计算结果,实验结果为降低熔炼渣含铜量及检测其合理含铜量提供依据。The oxygen enriched bottom blowing copper smelting process has the advantages of strong adaptability of raw materials,high thermal efficiency and a low dust rate.However,the disadvantage is that the smelting slag contains high amount of copper.To explore the reasonable copper content of smelting slag,this study conducted a static duration separation experiment of slag preservation,and clarified the quantitative relationship between the copper content of smelting slag and the copper phase composition and particle size through automatic mineral analysis,electron probe microscopy and industrial computed tomography.The results show that the copper lost in the bottom blowing smelting slag is mainly mechanically entrained matte with an uneven particle size.When the smelting slag is remelted to 1300℃for 10 min,the copper content in the slag is significantly reduced from 4.59%to 1.13%,and a coarse matte of greater than 0.20 mm is effectively settled.After 10 min,the rate of copper settlement tends to stabilize.The study determines that adding coke reduces the viscosity of slag from 0.35 to 0.17 kg/(m·s),and the effective settling particle size of matte decreases to 0.15 mm,where the matte of less than 0.15 mm cannot settle in a bottom blowing furnace.The duration law of matte conforms to the theoretical calculation results of the Stokes formula.The experimental results provide a basis for reducing the copper content of smelting slag and detecting its reasonable copper content.

关 键 词：富氧底吹 保温沉降 机械夹杂冰铜 渣铜分离 沉降粒径 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]