废旧电路板富氧顶吹熔炼过程热力学研究  

Thermodynamics study on high temperature oxygen-enriched top blow smelting of waste circuit boards

作　　者：严康[1] 陈清 刘丽萍 王瑞祥[1] 徐志峰 张忠堂[1] YAN Kang;CHEN Qing;LIU Li-ping;WANG Rui-xiang;XU Zhi-feng;ZHANG Zhong-tang(Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;Key Laboratory of Ionic Rare Earth Resources and Environment,Jiangxi College of Applied Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学绿色冶金与过程强化研究所,赣州341000 [2]江西应用技术职业学院离子型稀土资源与环境重点实验室,赣州341000

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2023年第7期2268-2283,共16页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC2904201);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51904124,52004111);江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划−青年人才项目(20212BCJL23052);江西省高等学校井冈学者特聘教授岗位项目(2020-3)。

摘　　要：根据废旧电路板组成特点,选定Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-FeO-CaO-1.5%MgO渣系为研究对象,采用FactSage热力学软件计算并探究了CaO、MgO的含量和Fe/SiO_(2)比(w(Fe)/w(SiO2))对炉渣性质和液相生成区的影响,并在此基础上进行了验证试验。结果表明:在各组分范围内,CaO含量增大会导致炉渣熔化温度先降低后升高,MgO含量和Fe/SiO_(2)比增大均会使炉渣的熔化温度升高,且低于1250℃;CaO、MgO的含量和Fe/SiO_(2)比增大均会使炉渣黏度降低,在1250℃下黏度均低于0.5 Pa·s。在富氧浓度为30%、通氧总量为24 L、熔炼温度为1250℃、CaO含量为14.5和Fe/SiO_(2)比为1.05的条件下进行验证试验,其熔炼过程可以顺利进行;合金中Cu、Sn和Ni的含量(质量分数)分别为82.73%、10.17%和6.69%,对应直收率分别为90.18%、85.32%和81.09%。According to the composition characteristics of waste circuit boards,the Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-FeO-CaO-1.5%MgO slag system was selected as the research object,and the FactSage thermodynamic software was utilized to calculate and explore the effects of CaO content,MgO content,and Fe/SiO_(2)ratio(mass ratio)on the slag properties and the liquid phase generation zone.On this basis,the verification test was carried out.The results show that the increase of CaO content will cause the melting temperature of slag to decrease first and then increase.In addition,the increase of MgO content and Fe/SiO_(2)ratio will augument the melting temperature of slag,and the melting temperature of slag is lower than 1250℃within the above composition range.The increases of CaO content,MgO content and Fe/SiO_(2)ratio will decrease the viscosity of slag,and the viscosity of slag is below 0.5 Pa·s at 1250℃.The smelting process during the verification test can be carried out smoothly under the conditions of oxygen-enriched concentration of 30%,total oxygen dosage of 24 L,smelting temperature of 1250℃,CaO content of 14.5%and Fe/SiO_(2)ratio of 1.05.The contents of Cu,Sn and Ni in the alloy are 82.73%,10.17%,and 6.69%,respectively.The direct yields of Cu,Sn,and Ni are 90.18%,85.32%and 81.09%,respectively.

关 键 词：废旧电路板 顶吹熔炼 渣型 热力学 

分 类 号：TF812[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]