生物力学作用对成骨细胞生物特性的影响  

Effects of biomechanics on biological characteristics of osteoblasts

作　　者：熊婉琦 李振豪 崔焱 刘家河 李陈致 吴铭健 李炎城 杨帆[1,2] 刘保一[1] Xiong Wanqi;Li Zhenhao;Cui Yan;Liu Jiahe;Li Chenzhi;Wu Mingjian;Li Yancheng;Yang Fan;Liu Baoyi(Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University,Dalian 116001,Liaoning Province,China;Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110000,Liaoning Province,China)

机构地区：[1]大连大学附属中山医院,辽宁省大连市116001 [2]中国科学院金属研究所,辽宁省沈阳市110000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第21期3407-3412,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：大连市博士后科学基金(285395),项目负责人:杨帆;大连医学科学研究项目(2111038),项目负责人:杨帆;辽宁省教育厅重点攻关项目(LJKZZ20220148),项目负责人:刘保一。

摘　　要：背景:骨形成是成骨细胞合成和分泌类骨质并促进其矿化的过程,在此过程中普遍存在力学信号转导。成骨细胞在体内主要受到重力、压应力、拉伸力、流体剪切力和静水压力等力学因素的调节,不同的力学作用通过激素、细胞骨架蛋白和微小RNA等调节成骨细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡等生物特性。通过明确生物力学作用对成骨细胞的影响,为成骨细胞在骨代谢疾病中的治疗提供思路及参考依据。目的:综述不同生物力学作用对成骨细胞生物特性的影响。方法:采用PubMed、Web of Science、FMRS、中国知网及万方数据库进行文献检索,检索2000-2023年发表的相关文献,纳入与生物力学作用对成骨细胞影响有关的包括基础研究及组织工程研究在内的所有文献,最终对70篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:不同生物力学作用对成骨细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡等生物特性产生影响,这些影响和作用力的强度和时间相关,具体作用如下:①微重力条件下,成骨细胞的增殖和分化受到抑制,导致骨密度下降,从而形成骨质疏松症。②相比于微重力,超重力对成骨细胞的增殖产生促进作用。③压应力对成骨细胞的影响存在加载强度和时间的依赖性。适宜的压应力可促进成骨细胞的增殖和分化,有益于骨组织的形成和修复;而过度的压应力则会导致成骨细胞凋亡和骨组织的破坏。④在成骨细胞上施加不同类型的拉伸力,其生物学效应存在差异。研究表明,伸长率在0-12%的范围内对成骨细胞的增殖有促进作用。⑤流体剪切力具有促进成骨细胞增殖和分化的作用,同时还能够增强生物材料的骨诱导作用。⑥静水压可以对成骨细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡等生物学行为产生影响,这些作用与静水压施加的时间和强度密切相关。研究不同生物力学作用对成骨细胞的影响,对于深入理解骨生长和维护机制具有重�BACKGROUND:Bone formation is the process by which osteoblasts synthesize and secrete osteoid and promote its mineralization,which generally involves mechanical signal transduction.Osteoblasts are primarily regulated by mechanical factors such as gravity,compressive stress,tensile stress,fluid shear stress,and hydrostatic pressure in vivo,and different mechanical stimuli modulate the proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis of osteoblasts through various mechanisms,including hormones,cytoskeletal proteins,and microRNAs.By clarifying the effects of biomechanical forces on osteoblasts,it provides ideas and a reference basis for the treatment of osteometabolic diseases involving osteoblasts.OBJECTIVE:To review the effects of different biomechanical forces on the biological characteristics of osteoblasts.METHODS:We conducted a literature search using PubMed,Web of Science,FMRS,CNKI,and WanFang databases for relevant publications published from 2000 to 2023,covering basic research and tissue engineering studies related to the effects of biomechanical forces on osteoblasts.Ultimately,a total of 70 articles were reviewed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different biomechanical forces have an impact on the biological characteristics of osteoblasts,including proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis,and these effects are dependent on the intensity and duration of the applied force.Specifically,the effects are as follows:(1)Under microgravity conditions,osteoblast proliferation and differentiation are inhibited,resulting in a decrease in bone density and the development of osteoporosis.(2)Compared to microgravity,hypergravity has a promoting effect on osteoblast proliferation.(3)The effects of compressive stress on osteoblasts are dependent on the loading intensity and time.Appropriate compressive stress can promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation,which is beneficial for bone tissue formation and repair,while excessive compressive stress can cause osteoblast apoptosis and bone tissue destruction.(4)The biological ef

关 键 词：成骨细胞 生物力学 生物特性 信号通路 机械转导 微小RNA 骨代谢 骨质疏松 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R68