沉积岩中沸石类矿物成岩演化特征及其意义  

Diagenetic Evolution and Its Significance of Zeolites in Sedimentary Rocks

作　　者：左如斯 曾翔[1,2] 曹忠祥 蔡进功[1] 张奎华[3] 张关龙[3] ZUO Rusi;ZENG Xiang;CAO Zhongxiang;CAI Jingong;ZHANG Kuihua;ZHANG Guanlong(State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Geosteering and Logging Research Institute,Sinopec Matrix Corporation,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Shengli Oilfield Company,Sinopec,Dongying,Shandong 257015,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]中石化经纬有限公司地质测控技术研究院,山东青岛266071 [3]中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院,山东东营257015

出　　处：《新疆石油地质》2023年第5期543-553,共11页Xinjiang Petroleum Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41972126);国家油气重大专项(2016ZX05006001-003)。

摘　　要：沸石在沉积岩中广泛发育,受多种因素影响,沸石成因类型多样,成岩演化特征复杂。在沉积环境、成岩条件等因素控制下,不同成因类型沸石形成于不同的成岩序列,并具有不同的组合特征、产出形式和骨架结构。沸石类型有原生沸石、热液成因沸石、火山物质蚀变沸石和矿物转化沸石;其骨架结构可以用Si/Al表征,据此被分为高硅沸石和低硅沸石。沸石对烃源岩生烃有较强的催化作用,高硅沸石的催化活性低,但是失活速率小,择形性良好;沸石的胶结与溶蚀对储集层分别起建设性和破坏性作用,不同成岩序列下,沸石对储集层物性的影响有所差异;黏土矿物转化方沸石会增强页岩的脆性和水敏性,脆性增强使储集层的可压裂性增强,水敏会降低储集层的渗透率。Zeolites are widely distributed in sedimentary rocks,and they are diverse in genesis and complex in evolution characteristics.Con⁃trolled by sedimentary environment and diagenetic conditions,zeolites of different genesis are formed in different diagenetic sequences,and exhibit distinct combinations,occurrences,and frameworks.Zeolites can be divided into primary zeolites,hydrothermal zeolites,volcanic⁃al⁃tered zeolites,and mineral⁃transformed zeolites.Zolite framework can be characterized by the Si/Al ratio,based on which the zeolites are cate⁃gorized into high⁃silica and low⁃silica zeolites.Zeolites play a strong catalytic role in hydrocarbon generation from source rocks.High⁃silica zeolites have lower catalytic activity,but slower deactivation rate than low⁃silica zeolites,and exhibit good selectivity.Zeolite cementation and dissolution have constructive and destructive effects on reservoirs,respectively.In different diagenetic sequences,zeolites show varying impacts on reservoir properties.The transformation of clay minerals to zeolites enhances the brittleness and water sensitivity of shale.Brittle⁃ness will increase the fracability of shale reservoirs,while water sensitivity will reduce reservoir permeability.

关 键 词：沸石 骨架结构 成因类型 成岩序列 催化作用 储集物性 可压裂性 

分 类 号：TE122.221[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]