有色金属矿山酸性露采边坡原位固化阻隔技术方法研究  

Study on in-situ solidification barrier technology of acid open-pit mining slopes in non-ferrous metal mines

作　　者：许辉标 蓝选庆 朱秋华[2] 杨鸿翔 蓝晓聪 朱敏 谢桂芳[2] 蒋颖 卫晓锋 XU Huibiao;LAN Xuanqing;ZHU Qiuhua;YANG Hongxiang;LAN Xiaocong;ZHU Min;XIE Guifang;JIANG Ying;WEI Xiaofeng(Zijinshan Gold-Copper Mine,Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghang 364200,China;Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghang 364200,China;Zijin Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghang 364200,China;Sino-Zijin Resources Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100012,China;Hami Redstone Mining Co.,Ltd.,Hami 839000,China)

机构地区：[1]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司紫金山金铜矿,福建上杭364200 [2]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建上杭364200 [3]紫金环保科技股份有限公司,福建上杭364200 [4]中色紫金地质勘查(北京)有限责任公司,北京100012 [5]哈密红石矿业有限公司,新疆哈密839000

出　　处：《中国矿业》2023年第9期62-69,共8页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：紫金矿业集团股份有限公司紫金山金铜矿国家级绿色矿山建设规划项目资助。

摘　　要：有色金属矿山露采形成的高陡边坡、土壤酸化是生态修复的主要技术难点。以福建紫金山金铜矿露采边坡为研究对象,通过野外调查和土壤分析,研究边坡酸化控制方法。矿区包括终了境界中的裸露岩石、排土场岩土混合物和选矿过程产生的残渣物等三种基质组成的各类边坡;研制了两种阻氧覆盖酸化控制方法,一种是由砂土35%~45%、氧化钙5%~10%、水泥10%~20%、聚丙烯酸钾150~200 g、有机螯合剂20~60 kg组成的薄层状固化隔离覆盖材料(1 m^(3));另一种是由中和渣80%~90%、微生物菌肥5%~10%、有机肥1%~5%配制的厚层状中和介质覆盖材料(1 m^(3))。工程应用情况显示表层土壤pH值由2.78~5.05上升至8.21~8.56,硫平均含量下降70%,土壤酸化得到有效控制,立体植物群落逐渐恢复。该研究为有色金属矿山露天终了境界的生态修复治理提供了工业实践示范。The open-pit mining of non-ferrous metal mines has caused environmental problems such as high and steep slopes and soil acidification,which is the main technical difficulty in ecological restoration.Taking the acid open-pit mining slopes of Zijinshan Gold-Copper Mine in Fujian as the study object,through the field investigations and soil sample analysis,the control method of slope acidification is studied.The mining area includes all kinds of slopes composed of bare rock on the end boundary,rock and soil mixture in the dump and residue produced in the mineral processing process.Two kinds of oxygen barrier covering acidification control methods have been developed,one is invented with 35%-45%sandy soil,5%-10%calcium oxide,10%-20%cement,150-200 g potassium polyacrylate,20-60 kg organic chelating agent for 1 m^(3)of material;the other is prepared by 80%-90%neutralizing slag,5%-10%microbial fertilizer and 1%-5%organic fertilizer for 1 m^(3)of material.The results of the engineering practice performance show that the pH value of the surface soil has increased from 2.78-5.05 to 8.21-8.56,and the average content of sulfur has decreased by 70%,the soil acidification has been controlled effectively,and the three-dimensional plant community have restored gradually.The study provides the industrial practice demonstration for the ecological restoration and treatment of the open-pit end boundary in non-ferrous metal mines.

关 键 词：酸性露采边坡 固化阻隔 有色金属矿山 紫金山金铜矿 

分 类 号：TD862[矿业工程—金属矿开采] X53[矿业工程—矿山开采]