多效唑喷施对茄子株型和果实性状的影响  

Effects of Spraying Paclobutrazol on Eggplant Plant Architecture and Fruit Characters

作　　者：赵宇婧 王雨格 舒金帅[1] 董静 王如芳 黄峰 张映[1] 刘富中[1] ZHAO Yujing;WANG Yuge;SHU Jinshuai;DONG Jing;WANG Rufang;HUANG Feng;ZHANG Ying;LIU Fuzhong(State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;China Vegetable Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.(Shouguang),Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China;Shouguang Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China;Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University,Yantai 264032,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中蔬生物科技(寿光)有限公司,山东寿光262700 [3]寿光市农业农村局,山东寿光262700 [4]中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264032

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2023年第9期98-104,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000300);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS);蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室项目。

摘　　要：以长茄新组合1055为试材,探究不同栽培模式下多效唑喷施浓度和喷施次数对茄子株高、节间长度和果实性状的影响。在春季露地设定6个喷施浓度[0(CK)、25、50、100、200、300 mg·L^(-1)]和1种喷施次数(3次)共6个处理;在秋季日光温室设定5个喷施浓度[0(CK)、25、50、100、150 mg·L^(-1)]和3种喷施次数(1、2、3次)共11个处理。结果表明,多效唑在不同环境下均可抑制茄子植株的生长,随着多效唑浓度的增加和喷施次数的增多,株高和节间长度逐渐降低;同时,多效唑喷施会影响茄子果实发育,导致果实横径增加,纵径减少,随着喷施后时间的延长,多效唑的作用逐渐减弱。综合分析多效唑对茄子株型和果实性状的影响,在定植后15 d春季露地栽培喷施多效唑50 mg·L^(-1)3次、秋季日光温室栽培叶面喷施多效唑25mg·L^(-1)3次,间隔期7d,可有效降低茄子的株高和节间长度,并保持茄子的优良果形,增加单果质量。Taking the new variety of‘eggplant 1055’as test material,this paper explored the effects of paclobutrazol spraying concentrations and times of application on eggplant plant height,internode length and fruit characters under different cultivation modes.In spring at open fields,this experiment set up 6 spray concentrations(0 as CK,25,50,100,200,300 mg·L^(-1))and one spray frequency(3 times)altogether 6 treatments.In autumn at solar greenhouse,5 spray concentrations(0 as CK,25,50,100,150 mg·L^(-1))and 3 spray frequency(1,2,3 times)were set altogether 11 treatments.The results showed that under different environments paclobutrazol could all hold up the growth of eggplant plant.Along with the increase of paclobutrazol concentration and number of application times,plant height and internode length would gradually decrease.At the same time,paclobutrazol spraying would affect the development of eggplant fruit,increase fruit transverse diameter and decrease fruit longitudinal diameter.Along with time extension after spraying,the effect of paclobutrazol would gradually weaken.Comprehensive analysis about effects of paclobutrazol on eggplant plant architecture and fruit characters showed that 15 days after field planting,spraying paclobutrazol 50 mg·L^(-1)3 times in open field cultivation in spring,and spraying 25 mg·L^(-1)3 times in solar greenhouse cultivation in autumn with 7 days interval could effectively reduce eggplant plant height and internode length,maintain its fine fruit type and increase its single fruit weight.

关 键 词：茄子 多效唑 节间长度 株高 果实质量 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]