不同杀虫剂对3种设施蔬菜烟粉虱的田间防效评价  

Field Efficacy Evaluation of Different Insecticides on Bemisia tabaci in Three Greenhouse Vegetables

作　　者：王文璐 梁鹏 宁杰 吴明月 王少丽[1] 谢文[1,2] WANG Wenlu;LIANG Peng;NING Jie;WU Mingyue;WANG Shaoli;XIE Wen(State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya),Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572024,Hainan,China;Sanya Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572000,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100081 [2]三亚中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院,海南三亚572024 [3]三亚热带农业科学研究院,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2023年第9期105-109,共5页China Vegetables

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021007);三亚崖州湾科技城配套资助定向组织项目(SKJC-2022-PTDX-017)。

摘　　要：为筛选出防治烟粉虱安全高效、具有推广应用前景的化学药剂,选用70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂(WG)、25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂(WG)、22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂(SC)、30%螺虫乙酯·噻虫胺悬浮剂(SC)4种药剂,在相同设施大棚条件下对秋茬番茄、辣椒、茄子烟粉虱进行田间防效试验。结果表明,30%螺虫乙酯·噻虫胺SC在3种蔬菜上药后1 d的防效均超过50%,表明其速效性较好,且药后14 d防效均超过60%,表明其持效性也较好;25%噻虫嗪WG在辣椒和茄子上药后1、7、14 d防效均超过70%、88%和68%,可作为防治辣椒和茄子烟粉虱的优选药剂,亦可作为烟粉虱暴发期的首选药剂;22.4%螺虫乙酯SC在辣椒和茄子上施药后7 d最高防效分别达81.44%和91.39%,药后14 d均维持在60%左右,在番茄上施药后14 d也可达最高防效76.50%,持效期较长,可用于烟粉虱的长期防控。综合考虑不同设施蔬菜药剂的速效性、持效性及稳定性,北方秋茬设施蔬菜田间烟粉虱防治时,推荐30%螺虫乙酯·噻虫胺SC作为首选药剂,25%噻虫嗪WG与22.4%螺虫乙酯SC可进行合理混配或轮换使用,以期达到延缓烟粉虱抗药性实现农药减量的目的。The 70% imidacloprid WG,25% thiamethoxam WG,22.4% spirotetramat SC and 30% spirotetramat·thiamethoxam amine SC were selected for field efficacy evaluation against Bemisia tabaci on tomato,pepper and eggplant in autumn under the same greenhouse conditions.The results showed that the control effect(CE)of 30% spirotetramat·thiamethoxam amine SC 1 day after pesticide application on the three vegetables were all more than 50% indicating its good quick-effect,and the CE on the 14th day after application were all more than 60% indicating its good long-lasting efficacy.The CE of 25%thiamethoxam WG on pepper and eggplant were more than 70% on the 1st day after application,88%(7th day)and 68%(14th day),respectively.Therefore,25% thiamethoxam WG could be used as a preferred insecticide for controlling B.tabaci in pepper and eggplant.The highest CE of 22.4% spirotetramat SC on pepper and eggplant were up to 81.44% and 91.39% respectively on the 7th day after application,and maintained at about 60% within 14th days after application;the highest CE was 76.50% on the 14th day after application on tomato,and the duration was long,which could be used for long-term prevent for B.tabaci.Considering the quick-effect,persistence and stability of the control effect on different greenhouse vegetables,30% spirotetramat·clothianidin SC is recommended as the first choice for controlling B.tabaci in the field of autumn greenhouse vegetables in northern China,and 25% thiamethoxam WG and 22.4% spirotetramat SC can be reasonably mixed or rotated in order to delay the resistance of this pest and achieve the purpose of pesticide reduction.

关 键 词：烟粉虱 杀虫剂 田间防效 设施蔬菜 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]