一种基于QKD的多方拜占庭共识协议  

A QKD-Based Multiparty Byzantine Consensus Agreement

作　　者：谢四江[1,2,3] 程安东 公鹏飞 XIE Sijiang;CHENG Andong;GONG Pengfei(Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100070,China;School of Computer Science and Technology,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]北京电子科技学院,北京100070 [2]西安电子科技大学计算机科学与技术学院,西安710071 [3]中国科学技术大学,合肥230026

出　　处：《信息网络安全》2023年第8期41-51,共11页Netinfo Security

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目[2020B03030100001];中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金[3282023015]。

摘　　要：经典拜占庭共识协议使用的数字签名在量子计算的攻击下暴露出了脆弱性。现有的很多量子安全拜占庭共识协议使用量子纠缠等技术,建设成本高,难以普及推广,而使用量子密钥分发(Quantum Key Distribution,QKD)等较为成熟的无纠缠量子技术保障抗量子攻击更具实用性。因此,文章在无纠缠多方量子拜占庭协议基础上,通过加入公告板、改变共识流程和使用无条件安全的MAC等手段,提出一种基于QKD的多方拜占庭共识协议。该协议修复了无纠缠多方量子拜占庭协议的3个安全风险,减少了对QKD生成密钥的使用量,将共识目标由可检测拜占庭共识协议(Detectable Byzantine Agreement,DBA)提升到拜占庭共识协议(Byzantine Agreement,BA),并保持了容忍任意多拜占庭节点的特点,在安全性、可扩展性和运行效率等方面均有提升。The digital signature used in the classic Byzantine consensus protocol exposes its vulnerability under quantum computing attacks.Many existing quantum secure Byzantine consensus protocols use technologies such as quantum entanglement,which is costly to construct and difficult to popularize.The protocol using more mature entanglement-free quantum technology,such as quantum key distribution(QKD),ensures better practicability while resisting quantum attacks.Based on the nonentangled multiparty quantum Byzantine protocol,a multiparty Byzantine consensus protocol based on QKD was proposed by adding bulletin boards,changing the consensus process,and using unconditionally secure MAC.Compared to the nonentangled multiparty quantum Byzantine protocol,it fixes three security risks,reduces the use of QKD-generated keys,increases the consensus target from detectable Byzantine agreement(DBA)to Byzantine agreement(BA),and maintains the tolerance for any number of Byzantine nodes,which improves security,scalability,and operational efficiency.

关 键 词：拜占庭共识协议 公告板 QKD 抗量子攻击 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]