根系分区交替灌溉不同灌水上限对西瓜和甜瓜生长及水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Different Alternate Partial Root-zone Drip Irrigation Upper Limit on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Watermelon and Melon

作　　者：侯东颖 苏东涛 郝科星 张曼[1] 张涛[1] 侯富恩 HOU Dongying;SU Dongtao;HAO Kexing;ZHANG Man;ZHANG Tao;HOU Fuen(College of Agricultural Economics and Management,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业经济管理学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2023年第9期61-67,共7页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省水利厅科学技术研究与推广项目(2022GM047);山西农业大学科技创新提升工程(CXGC2023039);山西省重点研发计划项目(2022ZDYF113);山西农业大学学术恢复科研专项(2020xshf32);山西省科技合作交流专项(202104041101039)。

摘　　要：为了探究设施西瓜和甜瓜膜下根系分区交替灌溉效应,选取西瓜品种‘早佳8424’、甜瓜品种‘青甜脆’为试验材料,以土壤田间持水量的60%为灌水下限,田间持水量的70%、80%、90%、100%为灌水上限,研究不同灌水上限处理对设施西瓜和甜瓜生长、产量、品质、养分吸收、水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:根系分区交替灌溉条件下,西瓜、甜瓜最佳灌水上限处理是90%田间持水量,该处理下西瓜、甜瓜中心可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量、果实中含氮、钾量均显著高于其他处理,灌溉水分利用效率较100%田间持水量灌溉上限处理分别显著提高40.56%、33.35%,且产量下降不明显,有助于西瓜和甜瓜生长、养分积累和品质提升,同时达到节水的目的。综上,本研究可作为山西晋中地区设施节水提质增效的一种灌溉模式推广应用。In order to investigate the effect of alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation(APRI)under plastic film of watermelon and melon cultivated in facility,watermelon varieties'Zaojia 8424'and melon varieties'Qingtiancui'were selected as experimental materials.The trial was a completely randomized design with 60%of the soil field capacity set as irrigation lower limit,and 70%,80%,90%,100%of field capacity set as irrigation upper limit,respectively.The effects of different irrigation upper limit treatments on the growth,quality,nutrient absorption and water use efficiency of watermelon and melon were studied.The results showed that under the condition of APDI,the optimal irrigation upper limit for watermelon and melon was 90%field water capacity.Under this treatment,the central soluble solid content,vitamin C content,nitrogen and potassium content in the fruit of watermelon and melon were significantly higher than other treatments..The irrigation water use efficiency was significantly increased by 40.56%and 33.35%compared to the 100%field water capacity irrigation upper limit treatment,and the yield reduction was not significant,which was conducive to the growth,nutrient accumulation and quality improvement of watermelon and melon,while achieving the goal of water conservation.In conclusion,it can be promoted and applied as an irrigation model for water-saving,quality improvement,and efficiency enhancement of facilities in Jinzhong,Shanxi.

关 键 词：西瓜 甜瓜 根系分区交替灌溉 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S627[农业科学—园艺学] S651S652