航天低温贮箱主动制冷热耦合技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Active Cooling Thermal Coupling Technology forAerospace Cryogenic Propellant Tanks

作　　者：于斌[1,2,3] 马天驹 黄诚 赵积鹏 常鑫 顾森东 李凯 黄亚荣[1] YU Bin;MA Tianju;HUANG Cheng;ZHAO Jipeng;CHANG Xin;GU Sendong;LI Kai;HUANG Yarong(Lanzhou Institute of Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China;Light Alloy Research Institute,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所,兰州730000 [2]中南大学轻合金研究院,长沙410083 [3]高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《真空与低温》2023年第5期518-524,共7页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：真空技术与物理重点实验室基金(HTKJ2021KL510002)。

摘　　要：航天器推进系统对于低温推进剂高密度、低压力贮存和在轨可重复利用贮箱提出了迫切需求,低温贮箱主动制冷高效热耦合技术成为影响低温推进剂在轨应用的主要因素。总结低温贮箱的主要技术难点,分析低温贮箱研制的关键技术。通过研判国内外研究机构的技术进展和技术水平,对主动制冷系统热耦合技术进行了分类梳理。主要从主动制冷系统静态热传导耦合技术、主动制冷与液体混合组合技术、主动制冷系统冷却屏技术等三个方面,阐述了当前国外的技术进展,说明了相关技术的特点和适用性。最后基于我国航天器对低温推进剂贮供技术的实际需求,提出了技术发展设想。The spacecraft propulsion system puts forward an urgent need for cryogenic propellants with high density,low pressure storage and on-orbit reusable tanks.The active cooling and efficient thermal coupling technology of cryogenic tanks has become the main factor affecting the on-orbit application of cryogenic propellants.The main technical difficulties of cryogenic tank are summarized,and the key technologies of cryogenic tank development are analyzed.By studying the technical progress and technical level of research institutions at home and abroad,the thermal coupling technology of active refrigeration system is classified and sorted out.Mainly through the three aspects of static heat conduction coupling technology of active coupling system,active coupling and liquid mixing combination technology,and active cooling screen technology,the advanced technology progress of current foreign technology leaders is described,and the characteristics and applicability of related technologies are explained.Finally,based on the actual demand of China's spacecraft for cryogenic propellant storage and supply technology,the technical development ideas are put forward.

关 键 词：低温推进剂 低温贮箱 主动制冷系统 热耦合 液体混合 

分 类 号：TB657.9[一般工业技术—制冷工程]