结核菌素皮肤试验、干扰素释放酶联免疫法及核酸分子检测技术在结核病中的诊断价值  

Diagnostic value of tuberculin skin test,interferon gamma release assay and nucleic acid test in tuberculosis

作　　者：吴多池 梁爱群 吴烨莹 云飞 Wu Duochi;Liang Aiqun;Wu Yeying;Yun Fei(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Haikou People's Hospital(Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medical),Hainan Haikou 570208,China;Department of Tuberculosis,Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hainan Haikou 570208,China)

机构地区：[1]海口市人民医院(中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院)检验科,海南海口570208 [2]海口市疾病预防控制中心结核科,海南海口570208

出　　处：《新发传染病电子杂志》2023年第4期60-63,共4页Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(822RC866)。

摘　　要：目的探讨结核菌素皮肤试验(TST)、干扰素释放酶联免疫法(TB-IGRA)及核酸分子检测(NAT)3种检测方法诊断结核病的价值及差异。方法选取2021年1-12月海口市人民医院(中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院)收治的206例疑似结核病患者,206例中确诊为结核病的106例患者为研究组(其中新收治患者17例,治疗1~2个月患者89例),其他肺部疾病患者100例为对照组。两组患者均进行了TST、TB-IGRA及NAT,以临床诊断结果为参考,分析这3种检测方式的临床应用价值。结果研究组3种检测方式阳性率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与TST相比,研究组TB-IGRA、NAT的阳性率更高,对照组TB-IGRA、NAT的阳性率更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TB-IGRA、NAT检测新收治和治疗1~2个月患者结果无统计学意义(P>0.05);TB-IGRA、NAT符合率、敏感度、特异度、均高于TST检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论TB-IGRA、NAT结核病诊断符合率高,均具有较高的敏感度和特异度。Objective To investigate the value and difference of three diagnostic technologies,tuberculin skin test(TST),interferon gamma release assay assay(TB-IGRA)and nucleic acid test technology(NAT)in detection of tuberculosis.Method A total of 206 suspected tuberculosis patients admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected.Among them,106 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis were divided into research group(17 new patients and 89 patients have been treated 1-2 months),and 100 patients with other pulmonary diseases were divided into control group.Two groups of patients were given TST,TB-IGRA and NAT detection,and the clinical value of these three detection methods was analyzed.Result The positive rates of the three detection methods in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);Compared with TST,the positive rates of TB-IGRA and NAT tests in the research group were higher,while the positive rates of TB-IGRA and NAT tests in the control group were lower,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in TB-IGRA and NAT detection between new patients and patients with 1-2 month treatment(P>0.05);The coincidence rate,sensitivity,specificity of TB-IGRA and NAT detection were higher than those of TST detection,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion TB-IGRA and NAT have high diagnostic coincidence rates for tuberculosis,and both have high sensitivity and specificity.

关 键 词：结核菌素皮肤试验 干扰素释放酶联免疫法 核酸分子检测 结核病 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]