西藏改良牛的泌乳性能评估及高原适应的血液生理表征研究  

Evaluation of lactation performance in Tibetan improved cow and study on blood physiological characteristics of plateau adaptation

作　　者：展亚楠 索朗曲吉 朱莉 苟潇 次仁罗布[2] 旦增洛桑 白玛坚才 巴桑珠扎[2] ZHAN Ya-nan;SUOLANG Qu-ji;ZHU Li;GOU Xiao;CIREN Luo-bu;DANZENG Luo-sang;BAIMA Jian-cai;BASANG Zhu-zha

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,西藏拉萨850009 [3]佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院,广东佛山528231 [4]西藏自治区山南市农牧综合服务中心,西藏山南856600

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第17期49-53,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：西藏自治区科技计划项目(项目编号:XZ202201YD0010C);国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:32260823)。

摘　　要：试验旨在评估西藏改良牛(荷斯坦牛♂×西藏牛♀,F3代)泌乳性能改良效果。选取引进荷斯坦牛、西藏牛及西藏改良牛各60头,记录西藏改良牛F1~F3代泌乳量,测定西藏改良牛F3代血液常规指标、血液流变学指标及奶牛生产性能(DHI)。结果显示,通过杂交,改良牛泌乳量逐代明显提高,但其他指标仍有待进一步改善。西藏改良牛平均红细胞血红蛋白(MCH)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)和血细胞比容(HCT)显著高于西藏牛(P<0.05),平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)显著高于引进荷斯坦牛和西藏牛(P<0.05),红细胞数目(RBC)显著低于引进荷斯坦牛(P<0.05)。西藏改良牛纤维蛋白原浓度、血浆黏度和红细胞内黏度显著高于引进荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),红细胞聚集指数和红细胞聚集系数低于引进荷斯坦牛和西藏牛(P<0.05),卡松黏度和屈服应力显著高于西藏牛(P<0.05)。研究表明,与西藏牛相比,随着荷斯坦牛血统含量提高,西藏改良牛泌乳量和乳脂率逐渐提高;与引进荷斯坦牛相比,西藏改良牛血液生理指标等方面得到了改善。The experiment was to evaluate the effect of improved lactation performance of Tibetan improved cows(Holstein cow×Tibet cow♀,F3 generation).A total of 60 imported Holstein cows,60 imported Tibetan cows and 60 Tibetan improved cows were selected to record the milk yield of F1~F3 generation of Tibetan improved cows,and determined the blood routine indexes,hemorheology indexes and cow performance(DHI)of F3 generation of Tibetan improved cows.The results showed that through hybridization,the milk yield of improved cows increased obviously from generation to generation,but other indexes still need to be further improved.The MCH,HGB and HCT of Tibetan improved cow were significantly higher than those of Tibetan cow(P<0.05),and MCHC of Tibetan improved cow was significantly higher than that of imported Holstein cow and Tibetan cow(P<0.05).RBC was significantly lower than that of imported Holstein cow(P<0.05).The fibrinogen concentration,plasma viscosity and intracellular red blood cell viscosity of Tibetan improved cow were significantly higher than those of imported Holstein cow(P<0.05),the red blood cell aggregation index and red blood cell aggregation coefficient were lower than those of imported Holstein cow and Tibetan cow(P<0.05),and the casson viscosity and yield stress were significantly higher than those of Tibetan cow(P<0.05).The study indicates that compare with Tibetan cow,the milk yield and milk fat ratio of Tibetan improved cow gradually with the increase of Holstein cow blood content.Compare with Hostein cow,the blood physiological indexes of Tibetan improved cow is improved.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 西藏改良牛 泌乳量 低氧适应 血液生理指标 血液流变学指标 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]