2015—2021年南平市麻疹、风疹疑似患者IgM抗体与核酸检测结果分析  

Analysis of IgM Antibody and Nucleic Acid Detection Results of Measles and Rubella in Nanping from 2015 to 2021

作　　者：周颖[1] 黄娟[1] 徐恭英 Zhou Ying;Huang Juan;Xu Gongying(Nanping Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanping,Fujian,354200,China)

机构地区：[1]南平市疾病预防控制中心,福建南平354200

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2023年第8期56-58,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:对2015—2021年南平市麻疹、风疹疑似患者血清、咽拭子标本进行IgM抗体和核酸检测,掌握南平市麻疹、风疹疫情动态及流行趋势,促进麻疹、风疹防治工作的不断深入。方法:选取2015—2021年麻疹、风疹疑似患者血清、咽拭子标本,进行IgM抗体和核酸检测。结果:2015—2021年共检测标本549份。2015—2017年麻疹IgM抗体和核酸的阳性率呈下降趋势,2020—2021年呈上升趋势,其中2020年阳性率最高,分别为14.06%和7.81%。2015—2019年风疹IgM抗体和核酸的阳性率总体呈上升趋势,2020—2021年呈下降趋势,其中2019年阳性率最高,分别为30.19%和34.91。各年度阳性检测率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。麻疹检测结果一致率(81.25%)显著高于风疹检测结果的一致率(53.97%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。麻疹发病人群以<1岁的幼儿为主,风疹发病以10~29岁的人群为主。结论:近年来南平市麻疹阳性率上升,对麻疹总体的管控还需加强。麻疹检测一致率较高,发病人群以幼儿为主。风疹检测一致率较低,以青少年为主。应严加管控儿童和青少年人群中麻疹、风疹的防治。OBJECTIVE To detect IgM antibody and nucleic acid in serum and throat swab samples of suspected measles and ru⁃bella patients in Nanping from 2015 to 2021,so as to master the situation and trend in Nanping,and promote the prevention and control.METHODS Serum and throat swab samples of suspected measles and rubella patients from 2015 to 2021 were selected for IgM antibody and nucleic acid detection.RESULTS A total of 549 samples were detected from 2015 to 2021.The positive rates of measles IgM antibody and nucleic acid showed a downward trend from 2015 to 2017,and an upward trend from 2020 to 2021,with the highest positive rates in 2020,which were 14.06%and 7.81%respectively.The positive rate of rubella IgM antibody and nucleic acid had an upward trend from 2015 to 2019,and a downward trend from 2020 to 2021.Among them,the positive rate was the high⁃est in 2019,which was 30.19%and 34.91 respectively.There was significant difference in positive detection rate among different years(P<0.05).The consistent rate of measles(81.25%)was significantly higher than that of rubella(53.97%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of measles was mainly in children under 1 year old,and the incidence of ru⁃bella was mainly in people aged 10~29.CONCLUSION The positive rate of measles has increased in recent years,and the overall control of measles needs to be strengthened.The consistent rate of measles detection is high,and the incidence population is mainly children.The consistent rate of rubella is low,mainly among teenagers.The prevention and treatment of measles and rubella among children and adolescents should be strictly controlled.

关 键 词：麻疹 风疹 IGM 核酸 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R446.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]