不同竹炭处理对皇菊挥发性化学成分的影响  

Effects of Different Bamboo Charcoal Treatments on Volatile Chemical Components of Chrysanthemum

作　　者：周婧 姚宏 吴华芬 金关根 ZHOU Jing;YAO Hong;WU Huafen;JIN Guangen(Lishui Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Lishui Zhejiang 323000;Lishui Xuande Huang Chrysanthemum Limited Development Company,Lishui Zhejiang 323000)

机构地区：[1]丽水市农林科学研究院,浙江丽水323000 [2]丽水市轩德皇菊有限开发公司,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第18期61-66,共6页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：丽水市科技局公益项目(2021GYX10)。

摘　　要：试验以皇菊花朵为材料,设置4个竹炭施用处理,分别为0 kg/hm^(2)(CK)、750 kg/hm^(2)(T_(1))、1500 kg/hm^(2)(T_(2))、2250 kg/hm^(2)(T_(3)),采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪结合顶空固相微萃取技术对不同竹炭处理对皇菊挥发性化学成分和含量的影响进行了分析。结果表明:处理T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)的皇菊分别鉴定出40、44、43种挥发性化合物,相对含量分别为89.900%、96.156%、94.806%;CK鉴定出39种挥发性化合物,相对含量为84.693%。与CK相比,处理T1提高了皇菊中酯类、酸类、酚类、烷类、其他氧化物的含量,降低了烃类、醇类、醛类、酮类的含量;处理T2提高了皇菊中烃类、醇类、酮类、酯类、酚类、烷类的含量,降低了醛类、其他氧化物的含量;处理T3提高了皇菊中烃类、醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、酸类、酚类的含量,降低了烷类、其他氧化物的含量。不同竹炭处理均能影响皇菊挥发性化学成分的组成及含量,当施用量为2250 kg/hm^(2)时,皇菊中有效成分含量明显增加,能提高皇菊挥发性化学成分品质。In this experiment,the flowers of chrysanthemum were used as materials,four treatments of bamboo charcoal application[0 kg/hm^(2)(CK),750 kg/hm^(2)(T_(1)),1500 kg/hm^(2)(T_(2)),and 2250 kg/hm^(2)(T_(3))]were set,and the effects of different bamboo charcoal treatments on the volatile chemical components and contents of chrysanthemum were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with headspace solid phase microextraction technology.The results showed that 40,44 and 43 kinds of volatile compounds were identified in the chrysanthemum from treatment T_(1),treatment T_(2)and treatment T_(3)respectively,and their relative contents were 89.900%,96.156%and 94.806%respectively.39 kinds of volatile compounds were identified in the chrysanthemum from CK,with a relative content of 84.693%.Compared with CK,treatment T_(1)increased the contents of esters,acids,phenols,alkanes and other oxides in chrysanthemum,while decreased the contents of hydrocarbons,alcohols,aldehydes and ketones.Treatment T_(2)increased the contents of hydrocarbons,alcohols,ketones,esters,phenols and alkanes,while decreased the contents of aldehydes and other oxides.Treatment T_(3)increased the contents of hydrocarbons,alcohols,aldehydes,ketones,esters,acids and phenols,and decreased the contents of alkanes and other oxides.Different bamboo charcoal treatments could all affect the composition and content of volatile chemical components of chrysanthemum.When the application rate was 2250 kg/hm^(2),the contents of active components in chrysanthemum increased significantly,which could improve the volatile chemical components quality of chrysanthemum.

关 键 词：皇菊 竹炭 挥发性化学成分 相对含量 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]