“屉”指“抽屉”是怎么来的?  

How did the Ti (屉) refer to Chouti (抽屉)?

作　　者：孙玉文[1] SUN Yu-wen(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系,北京100000

出　　处：《湖北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期84-87,共4页Journal of Hubei Normal University（Philosophy and Social Science）

摘　　要：“抽屉”一词,至晚在南北朝时期已经出现,抽屉的“屉”当时已出现,有“替、屉”等多种写法。段玉裁注《说文》以为“屟”作“抽屉”讲是“屟”的本义引申而来,“屟”本义指鞋子的木底。本文先采取排除法,论证“屉”不可能从别的词发展而来;然后从音、义两个方面论证段说可信,并由此探讨了从“枼”得声的其他一些同源词。文章最后由此探讨了若干理论问题,对当今有的研究率意假定《广韵》异读中的甲读音变成乙读音,不管甲读音跟乙读音的声母、开合、等列、声调等各方面的因素来确定符号的历史同一性,抓住一点,不及其余的做法提出批评,明确指出这种研究跟确定语言符号的历史同一性的要求相距甚远,旨在深化汉语史研究。“Chouti(抽屉)”had appeared during the Northern and Southern Dynasties at the latest and so did the character ti(屉)in chouti(抽屉)with many different forms,such as ti(替),ti(屉).Duan Yucai notes in the Shuowen Jiezi Zhu(《说文解字注》)that xie(屟)as“drawer”was derived from the original meaning of xie(屟)which refers to the wooden soles of shoes.In this paper,the elimination method is adopted to prove that ti(屉)can not be developed from other words;then it proves the authenticity of Duan’s theory from two aspects of sound and meaning,and discusses some other cognates from xie(屟).Finally,some theoretical problems are discussed and this paper criticizes the practice of assuming that the pronunciation A in the different reading of Guangyun(《广韵》)becomes the pronunciation B,regardless of the initial,kaihe(开合),denglie(等列),tone and other factors to determine the historical identity of the symboland.This paper clearly points out that this kind of research is even far from the requirement of determining the historical identity of language signs,so as to deepen the study of Chinese language history.

关 键 词：屉 南北朝 单音词 词源 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]