垄断行为刑事化的基础及其构造  

The Foundation and Structure of Criminalization of Monopoly Behavior

作　　者：张晨颖[1] ZHANG Chenying

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《法学评论》2023年第5期103-113,共11页Law Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目《互联网经济的法治保障研究》(项目编号:18ZDA149);《互联网平台的社会影响与治理路径研究》(项目编号:21&ZD196);《互联网交易制度与民事权利保护研究》(项目编号:20&ZD192)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：垄断行为刑事化的争议直接关乎反垄断法的实践效果,同时也颇具理论挑战。惟有回归《反垄断法》的立法目的与《刑法》的基础法理才能辨明底层逻辑,实现法秩序的有机统一和体系化。反垄断法是社会本位法,保护竞争法益是增设垄断之类新罪的最核心理由。界定法益需要遵守与利益、与法、与人、与宪法相关联以及可被侵害性的五项原则,且应当符合刑法法益保护“不完整性”和“补充性”两项标准。在进一步区分行政违法和犯罪时,经过带有自然犯特征、行为的可复制性及危害程度两项测试可以证成,实施“横向垄断协议”行为构成行政犯罪,其他垄断行为构成行政违法。继而本文针对横向垄断协议罪进行了详细的制度设计。The dispute over the criminalization of monopolistic conducts is directly related to the effect in the application of the Anti-monopoy Law,its significance also lies on theoretical research.Only laid on the basis of the legislative purpose of the Anti-monopoly Law and the basic legal principle of the Criminal Law,can we distinguish the underlying logic and realize the organic unity and systematization of the legal order.Anti-monopoly law cares for social interest.To protect the legal interests of competition is the core reason for criminalization of monopoly behavior.The definition of legal interests should comply with five principles of the relationship among interest,law,people,constitution and being able to be violated.It should meet the two standards of"incompleteness"and"complementarity"in the protection of legal interests in Criminal Law.To further distinguish administrative illegality and crime through two tests:with some characteristics of natural crime,the replicability of the behavior and the degree of harm.The implementation of horizontal monopoly agreement constitutes administrative crime,and other monopoly behaviors constitute administrative illegality.Then the detailed system design is carried out for the crime of horizontal monopoly agreement.

关 键 词：反垄断 横向垄断协议 竞争法益 超个人法益 垄断犯罪 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学] D924.3[政治法律—法学]