民法绿色原则解释的方向与路径  

The Interpretation of the Green Principle in Civil Law

作　　者：刘长兴[1,2] LIU Changxing

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院 [2]华南理工大学环境法研究中心

出　　处：《法学评论》2023年第5期141-153,共13页Law Review

基　　金：广东省社科规划2022年度一般项目“民法绿色原则解释研究”(项目编号:GD22CFX02)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：重建人与自然的和谐关系不能仅依赖公法的强制性规定,21世纪的中国民法应当回应生态文明时代需求完成绿色化变革。《民法典》第9条规定的绿色原则在各分则编的具体规则中有所体现但并不充分,经解释方可充分发挥其裁判准则和行为准则功能,在司法实践中确立其对民事活动的规范效力,推动民法的绿色化变革。绿色原则对民法意思自治的限制与公序良俗原则、诚实信用原则有共通之处,借鉴公序解释和诚信解释路径和方法,可以为绿色原则解释、在实践中贯彻提供基本思路,进而建立绿色原则的解释体系。一般人格权和健康权可以在人与自然关系的框架下考察,通过解释容纳“良好生活环境”诉求;物权法的绿色化解释可以丰富不动产征收制度、弱化相邻权规则的刚性等,在物的利用中加入环保考虑;合同效力规则、履行规则具备吸纳环境保护要求的空间;侵权法需要从一般规则和环境侵权专门规则两个层次回应绿色原则、完善规则体系。通过绿色原则解释发展和完善民法中环境保护相关制度,是生态文明时代完成民法绿色化变革的可行途径。In order to coordinate the relationship between human and nature,it is not enough to rely on the mandatory rule of public law.In the 21st century,the Chinese civil law should complete the green transformation to respond to the needs of the era of ecological civilization.The green principle defined in Article 9 of the Civil Code is not fully reflected in the specific rules.In order to promote the green transformation of civil law,it is necessary to explain the green principle,play its functions of judgment and conduct and establish its normative effect on civil activities through judicial practice.In terms of restricting meaning autonomy,the green principle has common ground with the principles of public order and good faith.So it is possible to support the implementation in practice and establish interpretation system of green principle through interpretation based on public order and good faith.From the perspective of the relationship between human and nature,the general personality right and right to health can include the appeal for a good living environment.The green interpretation of the property right law can enrich the real estate collection system and weaken the rigidity of neighboring rights rules.The rules of contract effectiveness and performance have institutional space to absorb environmental protection requirements.The general rules of tort law and special rules for environmental tort should respond to the green principle and improve the rule system.It is a feasible way to complete the green change of civil law in the era of ecological civilization through explaining and improving the relevant systems in civil law according to the green principle.

关 键 词：生态文明 民法解释 绿色原则 公共秩序 诚实信用 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]