应用于直流电网的直流变换器拓扑综述  

A comprehensive review of DC-DC converter topologies applied in DC power grids

作　　者：杨晓峰[1] 刘妍 陈骞 YANG Xiaofeng;LIU Yan;CHEN Qian(School of Electrical Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Electric Power Research Institute State Grid,Zhejiang Electric Power Co.Ltd.,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044 [2]国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,杭州310014

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2023年第4期130-145,共16页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国网浙江省电力有限公司科技项目(5211DS19003A)。

摘　　要：直流电网是解决远距离大功率电能传输和新能源大规模汇集的重要方案,作为实现不同电压等级的直流电网柔性互联的关键设备,直流变换器承担着电能变换与能量分配的任务,其拓扑和工作特性对直流电网的性能具有深刻影响.传统直流变换器的研究主要集中在中小功率领域,而随着直流电网的飞速发展,大功率直流变换器的应用场景进一步拓宽,开展相应拓扑的研究十分必要.本文首先梳理了新能源汇集、直流电网互联等典型场景对直流变换器的技术需求,从电气隔离角度对两端口直流变流器拓扑分类,详细对比研究其拓扑结构和变换性能,并对多端柔性互联场景中更具潜力的多端口直流变换器进行综述.然后,系统总结了直流变换器的技术特征及适用场景,并在±10 kV/±375 V的典型直流配电网算例下阐明了各类直流变换器的优缺点.最后,基于实际工程需求总结提炼了当前直流变换器存在的共性问题,并从轻量集约的设计趋势和稳定高效的发展要求展望了直流变换器的未来研究方向,以期为高压直流电网建设提供借鉴.The DC power grid has emerged as a crucial solution for long-distance,high-power energy transmission and the integration of renewable energy sources.As the key equipment enabling flexible interconnection among DC power grids of different voltage levels,DC-DC converters play a vital role in energy conversion and energy distribution.The topology and operational characteristics of these con⁃verters profoundly influence the performance of DC power grids.While traditional research on DC-DC converters has primarily focused on low to medium power applications,the rapid advancement of DC power grids necessitates exploring high-power DC-DC converter topologies and their corresponding reviews.This paper first examines the technical requirements of DC-DC converters in typical sce⁃narios such as renewable energy convergence and DC power grid interconnection.It categorizes twoport DC-DC converters based on electrical isolation and thoroughly compares their topology structures and conversion performance.Furthermore,it provides an overview of multi-port DC-DC converters that show promising potential in multi-terminal flexible interconnection scenarios.On this basis,this paper systematically summarizes the technical characteristics and suitable application scenarios of dif⁃ferent DC-DC converters.It highlights the advantages and disadvantages of various converter types us⁃ing a typical±10 kV/±375 V DC distribution network as an example.Finally,the common issues present in current DC-DC converters are identified based on practical engineering requirements.The paper concludes by envisioning the future research directions of DC-DC converters,considering the trends of lightweight and compact design as well as the need for stable and efficient development.These insights aim to provide valuable guidance for the construction of high-voltage DC power grids.

关 键 词：直流电网 新能源汇集 电力电子 直流变换器 拓扑 非隔离型 隔离型 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]