安徽省“三生”土地利用动态变化与生态响应  

Dynamic change of ecological-production-living land use and its ecological response in Anhui Province

作　　者：吴海中 胡刚 田晓四 张乐勤 WU Haizhong;HU Gang;TIAN Xiaosi;ZHANG Leqin(College of geography and planning,Chizhou University,Chizhou,Anhui 247100,China;Natural Resources Remote Sensing Application Research Center,Chizhou University,Chizhou,Anhui 247100,China)

机构地区：[1]池州学院地理与规划学院,安徽池州247100 [2]池州学院自然资源遥感应用研究中心,安徽池州247100

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期26-33,共8页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学重点研究项目(KJ2021A1137)。

摘　　要：为厘清土地利用时空异质性以及用地转型对生态质量动态响应规律,利用1980-2020年5期遥感数据,基于土地三生功能分类视角,应用土地动态度、生态效应评价指标,探究安徽省土地利用动态变化及其对生态效应的影响,并对研究区生态等级进行划分。研究表明:1)三生空间下的安徽省生产用地占比最高,主要分布于淮北平原、沿江平原以及江淮丘陵区,生态用地次之,集中分布于皖西、皖南低山丘陵以及皖东部分丘陵地区,生活类用地规模最小且分布相对分散;2)土地利用综合动态度由1980-1990年的0.04逐步提升到2010-2020年的0.18,且增幅呈不断扩大态势,土地利用单一动态度呈差异性演变;3)生态指数由1980年的0.4499降低为2020年的0.4406,高生态质量区集中于皖南低山丘陵、皖西山区,低生态质量区较多集中于皖北,县域尺度下的生态分区表现出自东南向西北阶梯式下降的分布特征;4)农业用地转变为城镇、农村用地是造成安徽省生态质量退化的主导性因子,而农业用地向水域、林地的转变是生态质量改善的主导因素,考察期内土地转型造成生态负效应超过正效应。In order to clarify the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of land use and the dynamic response law of land use transformation to ecological quality,by using five periods of remote sensing data from 1980 to 2020,based on the perspective of land three living function classification,and using land dynamics and ecological effect evaluation indicators,this paper quantitatively studies the dynamic change of land use and its impact on ecological effect in Anhui Province,and divided the ecological grade of the study area.The results show that:1)the proportion of production land in Anhui Province is the highest,which is mainly distributed in Huaibei plain,Riverside plain and Jianghuai Hilly Area.Ecological land takes the second place,mainly distributed in the low mountains and hills in Western and Southern Anhui and some hilly areas in Eastern Anhui.The scale of living land is the smallest and the distribution is relatively scattered.2)The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use has gradually increased from 0.04 in 1980-1990 to 0.18 in 2010-2020,and the growth rate is expanding.The single dynamic degree of land use shows differential evolution.3)The ecological index decreased from 0.4499 in 1980 to 0.4406 in 2020.High ecological quality areas are concentrated in low mountains and hills in southern Anhui and Western Anhui mountain areas,while low ecological quality areas are mostly concentrated in Northern Anhui.The ecological zoning at the county scale shows the distribution characteristics of stepwise decline from southeast to northwest.4)The transformation of agricultural land into urban and rural land is the leading factor causing the degradation of ecological quality in Anhui Province,while the transformation of agricultural land to water area and forest land is the leading factor for the improvement of ecological quality.During the investigation period,the negative ecological effect caused by land transformation exceeded the positive effect.

关 键 词：土地功能 遥感 三生用地 生态效应 安徽省 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]