2016-2020年广东省居民死亡水平及主要死因变化趋势  

Trends of mortality and major causes of death among residents in Guangdong,China,2016-2020

作　　者：何昭璇 林立丰[1] 孟瑞琳[1] 许晓君[1] 许燕君[1] 王晔[1] 效拟 郑雪燕 HE Zhao-xuan;LIN Li-feng;MENG Rui-lin;XU Xiao-jun;XU Yan-jun;WANG Ye;XIAO Ni;ZHENG Xue-yan(Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 511430,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广州511430

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2023年第8期616-623,共8页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(C2021083)。

摘　　要：目的了解2016-2020年广东省户籍居民的死亡水平、主要死因构成及变化情况,为疾病防控提供依据。方法利用2016-2020年各年户籍死亡率达到5‰的广东省国家死因监测点的户籍居民人口和死亡数据,按照性别、城乡分析全死因、三大类疾病和主要疾病标化死亡率和年度变化百分比(APC)等指标。结果2016-2020年广东省户籍居民标化死亡率分别为461.78/10万、457.04/10万、438.33/10万、429.15/10万和411.89/10万,呈逐年下降趋势;慢性病死亡占总死因的84.94%~86.38%,标化死亡率男性高于女性,农村地区高于城市地区;死因前五位的疾病依次是恶性肿瘤、心脏病、脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病和伤害。2016-2020年,尽管广东省恶性肿瘤和心脑血管疾病标化死亡率呈下降趋势,但其死亡构成占总死亡的66.15%~68.07%;内分泌/营养和代谢疾病死亡水平上升;恶性肿瘤死因以肺癌为首,其标化死亡率呈下降趋势,鼻咽癌死亡水平远高于全国;冠心病和脑卒中分别是心脏病和脑血管疾病的主要死因,其中冠心病和脑出血标化死亡率呈下降趋势;慢性下呼吸道疾病死亡占呼吸系统疾病死因的52.77%~64.65%。结论2016-2020年广东省慢性非传染性疾病防控工作取得积极成效,但其形势仍然严峻,男性和农村地区人群为重点防控对象。恶性肿瘤和心脑血管疾病是影响广东省居民健康的主要疾病,内分泌/营养和代谢疾病死亡水平上升,鼻咽癌死亡水平高于全国平均,应重点关注。Objective To investigate the trends of mortality and major causes of death among residents with household registration in Guangdong,China,from 2016 to 2020,and to provide a basis for disease control and prevention.Methods Based on the population and death data of national death cause monitoring points in Guangdong with registered mortality rates of no less than 5‰in each year from 2016 to 2020,the standardized mortality rate and annual percentage change(APC)for all deaths,three major categories of diseases and main diseases among residents were analyzed by gender,urban and rural areas.Results The standardized mortality rates of household registered residents in Guangdong from 2016 to 2020 were 461.78/100000,457.04/100000,438.33/100000,429.15/100000,and 411.89/100000,respectively,showing a downward trend.The deaths of chronic diseases accounted for 84.94%~86.38% of all deaths,and their standardized mortality rates were higher in males than those in females,and higher in rural areas than those in urban areas.The five leading causes of death were malignant tumors,heart disease,cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory diseases,and injuries.From 2016 to 2020,although the standardized mortality rates of malignant tumors,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases showed a downward trend,but they accounted for 66.15%~68.07%of all deaths.The standardized mortality rates of endocrine/nutritional and metabolic diseases showed upward trends.Lung cancer was the primary cause of death from malignant tumors,but its standardized mortality rate showed a downward trend;the standardized mortality rate of nasopharyngeal cancer was much higher than that of the national level.Coronary heart disease and stroke were the major causes of deaths from heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases,respectively,and the standardized mortality rates of coronary heart disease and cerebral hemorrhage showed downward trends.Chronic lower respiratory disease accounted for 52.77%~64.65%of the deaths from respiratory diseases.Conclusion Positive result h

关 键 词：死因监测 主要死因 变化趋势 年度变化百分比 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]