湖南省2013—2022年250例新发麻风病例发现方式的特征  

Characteristics of detection methods for 250 newly diagnosed leprosy cases in Hunan Province from 2013 to 2022

作　　者：袁淑娟 陈欢[1] YUAN Shujuan;CHEN Huan(Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2023年第8期796-800,共5页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(No.2018JJ6010)。

摘　　要：目的了解2013—2022年湖南省新发现麻风病例的发现方式,分析变化趋势,为今后开展麻风病防治工作提供科学依据。方法通过全国麻风病防治管理信息系统,收集湖南省2013—2022年新发麻风病例的详细资料,采用描述流行病学方法对新发麻风病例的发现方式进行分析。结果2013—2022年湖南省共250例新发麻风病例,包括门诊就诊发现143例(57.20%)、线索调查发现33例(13.20%)、报病发现27例(10.80%)、自报发现23例(9.20%)、其他方式发现11例(4.40%)、接触者检查发现9例(3.60%)、普查发现2例(0.80%)、疫点检查发现2例(0.80%)。2013—2022年,门诊就诊发现的病例呈上升趋势(r_(s)=0.515),而线索调查(r_(s)=-0.873)、报病(r_(s)=-0.127)、自报(r_(s)=-0.301)、接触者检查(r_(s)=-0.363)、普查(r_(s)=-0.701)和疫点检查(r_(s)=-0.701)等发现的病例呈下降趋势。分析不同人口学特征和临床特征的麻风病例的发现方式特征,结果显示除儿童麻风病例以接触者检查发现(66.76%)为主以外,其余均通过门诊就诊发现居多,其中,165例男性病例中门诊就诊发现92例(55.76%),85例女性病例中门诊就诊发现51例(60.00%);187例15~60岁病例中门诊就诊发现113例(60.43%),60例大于60岁病例中门诊就诊发现30例(50.00%);208例农民病例中门诊就诊发现112例(53.85%),42例其他职业病例中门诊就诊发现31例(73.81%);185例多菌型病例中门诊就诊发现111例(60.00%),65例少菌型病例中门诊就诊发现32例(49.23%);8例无皮损病例中门诊就诊发现4例(50.00%),9例单皮损病例中门诊就诊发现3例(33.33%),233例多皮损病例中门诊就诊发现136例(58.37%);72例无神经损害病例中门诊就诊发现48例(66.67%),27例单条神经损害病例中门诊就诊发现17例(62.96%),151例多条神经损害病例中门诊就诊发现78例(51.66%);102例无畸残病例中门诊就诊发现58例(56.86%),45例Ⅰ级畸残病例中门诊就诊发现28例(62.22%),68例Ⅱ级�Objective To investigate the detection methods of newly discovered leprosy cases in Hunan Province in 2013-2022,and analyze the trend of changes,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of leprosy.Methods The detailed information of newly diagnosed leprosy cases in Hunan Province from 2013 to 2022 was collected through the Leprosy Management Information System(LEPMIS),and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the detection methods of newly discovered leprosy cases.Results From 2013 to 2022,a total of 250 newly diagnosed leprosy cases were detected in Hunan Province,including 143 cases(57.20%)were found in outpatient clinics,33 cases(13.20%)were found in clue investigations,27 cases(10.80%)were notifiable-reported,23 cases(9.20%)were self-reported,11 cases(4.40%)were found in other ways(e.g.,group survey),9 cases(3.60%)were found in contact examinations,2 cases(0.80%)were found in census,and 2 cases(0.80%)were found in epidemic point inspection.From 2013 to 2022,the number of cases detected in outpatient clinics showed an upward trend(r_(s)=0.515),while the cases detected in clue investigation(r_(s)=-0.873),notifiable-reported(r_(s)=-0.127),self-reported(r_(s)=-0.301),contact examination(r_(s)=-0.363),census(r_(s)=-0.701)and epidemic point inspection(r_(s)=-0.701)showed a downward trend.The majority of leprosy cases with different demography characteristics and clinical characteristics were found through outpatient clinics,except that the majority of leprosy cases in children were found by contact examination(66.76%).Of 165 male cases,92 cases(55.76%)were found in outpatient clinics and 51 out of 85 female cases(60.00%)were found in outpatient clinics.Among age groups,113 out of 187 cases aged 15 to 60(60.43%)and 30 out of 60 cases aged over 60(50.00%)were found in outpatient clinics.Among patients with different occupations,112 out of 208 cases of farmers(53.85%)and 31 out of 42 cases of other occupations(73.81%)were found in outpatient clinics.Among cases with different

关 键 词：麻风病 发现方式 新发现病例 湖南省 

分 类 号：R755[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]