基于改进遗传算法的装配线平衡优化研究  

Research on Assembly Line Balance Optimization Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm

作　　者：龙嘉玲 张存吉 宁黎华[2] 高兴宇[1] Long Jialing;Zhang Cunji;Ning Lihua;Gao Xingyu(Guangxi Key Laborotory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacture Technology,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;School of Methematics and Computing Science,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学广西制造系统与先进制造技术重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林电子科技大学数学与计算科学学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第8期153-156,225,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52265063);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22035048)。

摘　　要：为实现装配线生产工序的平衡优化,采用改进遗传算法,以装配线生产节拍、平衡率和平滑指数为优化目标,建立装配线平衡优化模型。采用基于紧前工序约束的交换变异方法,并与父代进行优劣对比,有效避免无效基因的产生。引入精英保留策略,提高算法寻优能力及收敛速度。以波轮洗衣机机芯装配线的平衡优化为例,验证前述算法的可行性。结果表明:与原方案相比,优化后的生产节拍为17.2 s,减少了0.8 s;生产平衡率达到90%,提高了18%;平滑指数从1.3减少到0.72,验证了所提出的模型算法可以有效优化该装配线的生产节拍、平衡率、平滑指数,从而优化其生产效率。In order to realize the balance optimization of assembly line,improved genetic algorithm is adopted,and the production beat,balance rate and smoothness index of assembly line are taken as the optimization objectives to establishe an assembly line balance optimization model.The exchange mutation method based on the constraint of immediate preceding process is adopted to effectively avoid the generation of invalid genes.The elitist preservation strategy is introduced to improve the optimization ability and convergence speed of the algorithm.The balance optimization of pulsator washing machine movement assembly line is taken as an example to verify the effectiveness of the above algorithm.The results shows that compared with the original scheme,the optimized production beat is 17.2 s,reducing 0.8 s;the production balance rate is 90%,increasing 18%;and the smoothing index is reduced from 1.3 to 0.72,which proves that the production beat,balance rate and smoothing index of the assembly line can be effectively optimized by using the proposed model algorithm,so as its production efficiency can be optimized.

关 键 词：改进遗传算法 装配线平衡 精英保留 

分 类 号：TG95[金属学及工艺—钳工工艺] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]