河北省2017—2021年学校生活饮用水水质监测结果分析  

Analysis of school drinking water quality monitoring results in Hebei Province from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：么净净 王燕 刘建 闫虹宇 李萍 YAO Jingjing;WANG Yan;LIU Jian;YAN Hongyu;LI Ping(The Service Center of Comprehensive Supervision Health Commission of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050017,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省卫生健康委综合监督服务中心,河北石家庄050017

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2023年第9期864-867,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：河北省2020年度医学科学研究重点课题计划(20200812)。

摘　　要：目的 了解河北省2017—2021年学校生活饮用水水质现状,为保障学生饮用水安全提供技术依据。方法 2017—2021年对河北省各级各类学校饮用水的色度、浑浊度、臭和味、肉眼可见物、pH值、消毒剂余量进行抽检,依照《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)进行评价。结果 共检测学校生活饮用水水质样品3 193份,合格率74.29%,单项指标合格率分别为色度98.75%、浑浊度98.50%、臭和味98.87%、肉眼可见物98.87%、pH值98.34%、消毒剂余量75.60%。水质检测合格率随年份变化呈上升趋势。2017—2021年学校生活饮用水水质检测合格率分别为63.58%、72.37%、75.04%、77.14%、79.43%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=44.95,P<0.05)。大学、高中、初中、小学的生活饮用水水质检测合格率分别为89.58%、85.26%、74.37%、73.05%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.73,P<0.05)。城区、镇区、乡村学校的生活饮用水水质检测合格率分别为84.18%、77.96%、71.58%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=31.90,P<0.05)。二次供水和自建设施集中式供水学校的生活饮用水水质合格率分别为80.51%、73.21%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.22,P<0.05)。结论 2017—2021年河北省学校生活饮用水卫生状况基本良好,但存在微生物污染风险。应加强监督和指导,重点关注农村自建设施集中式供水类型的饮用水水质情况。Objective To understand the current situation of school drinking water quality in Hebei Province from 2017 to 2021,and to provide a technical basis for safeguarding students'drinking water safety.Methods From 2017 to 2021,drinking water chromaticity,turbidity,odour and taste,visible matter,pH value and disinfectant residual were sampled and evaluated in accordance with the Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water for Domestic Use(GB 5749-2006)in schools at all levels and types in Hebei Province.Results A total of 3193 samples of school drinking water quality was tested,with a pass rate of 74.29%.The qualification rates of individual indicators were 98.75%for chromaticity,98.50%for turbidity,98.87%for odour and taste,98.87%for visible matter,98.34%for pH,and 75.60%for disinfectant residual.The pass rates of the water quality tests showed an upward trend with the year.From 2017 to 2021,the pass rates of the water quality tests for school drinking water in each year were 63.58%,72.37%,75.04%,77.14%,and 79.43%,respectively,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=44.95,P<0.05).The pass rates of the drinking water quality tests for university,high schools,middle schools and primary schools were 89.58%,85.26%,74.37%and 73.05%,respectively,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=19.73,P<0.05).The passing rates of the drinking water quality tests in urban areas,townships and villages were 84.18%,77.96%and 71.58%,respectively,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=31.90,P<0.05).The pass rates of school drinking water quality tests in secondary water supply and centralized water supply of self-built facilities were 80.51%and 73.21%respectively,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.22,P<0.05).Conclusion From 2017 to 2021,the hygiene of drinking water in schools in Hebei Province is basically good,but there is a risk of microbial contamination.Supervision and guidance should be strengthened,with a focus on the quality of drinking water in rural self-built facilities of

关 键 词：学校 生活饮用水 水质 公共卫生 卫生监督 监测 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]