从安西到神策军——西安碑林博物馆藏《唐李景倩墓志》研究  

From Anxi to Shence Army:A Study on the Epitaph of Li Jingqian of the Tang Dynasty in the Collection of Xian Beilin Museum

作　　者：刘子凡 Liu Zifan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院古代史研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2023年第8期84-92,共9页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：《唐李景倩墓志》现藏西安碑林博物馆,是关涉唐代安西将士入援、神策军组建等重要历史事件的重要史料。李景倩并非出身高门望族,十五岁便武举及第,天宝四载(745年)前后来到安西四镇并任职十四载。安史之乱后,李景倩随安西、北庭第二批援军回到中原,乾元二年(759年)屯驻陕州,成为神策军初创时期的成员,此后在神策军等部征讨李怀光的战斗中殉国。李景倩的经历证明神策军中确实有来自安西的将领,为理解在中晚唐具有重要地位的神策军的来源提供了新的证据。尤其是李景倩曾在神策军中担任行营节度副使、三军下营使和都教练使,展现原安西军将在神策军中发挥了重要作用。The Epitaph of Li jingqian of the Tang Dynasty,which is now collected in the Xian Beilin Museum,is a valuable material related to several important historical events of the Tang dynasty,such as the Anxi soldiers reinforced the capital and the formation of the Shence Army.Li Jingqian did not come from a high class family,but at the age of fifteen,he passed the martial examination;then he came to Anxi region in the fourth year of the Tianbao reign(745)and served there for fourteen years.After the An-Shi Rebellion,Li Jingqian returned to the Central Plains with the second batch of reinforcements from Anxi and Beiting,and was stationed in Shanzhou in the second year of the Qianyuan reign(759),where he became a member of the Shence Army in its infancy,and was later martyred in the battle against Li Huaguang.Li Jingqian's experience proves that there were indeed generals from Anxi in the Shenze Army,providing new evidence for understanding the origin of the Shenze Army which had an important position in the mid and late Tang dynasty.In particular,the fact that Li Jingqian served in the Shenze Army as xingying jiedu fushi[行营节度副使,the deputy commander of the field headquarters],sanjun xiayingshi[三军下营使,the commander of camping of the armyl,and du jiaolianshi[都教练使,chief military training commissioner]shows that former generals from the Anxi army played an important role in the Shenze Army.

关 键 词：李景倩 安西 神策军 行营 下营使 都教练使 

分 类 号：E291[军事—军事理论] K877.45[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]