样板的悖误:兼论教育的“特殊”与“一般”  

The Paradox of the Model:Special and General Aspects of Education

作　　者：董云川 李芬 DONG Yun-chuan;LI Fen

机构地区：[1]云南大学高等教育研究院,昆明650091

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2023年第5期45-53,共9页University Education Science

基　　金：云南大学人文社科基金项目“高等教育普及化时代的理论与现实问题研究”(K809020321004)。

摘　　要：在教育世界里,树样板、学榜样、育英才、抓典型、促先进、创一流蔚然成风。样板有价值,典范有意义,然过犹不及。因为教育是惠泽民生、孕育人才、创新科技的公共事业,不能偏执一端,偏废一面。“样板”是教育的特殊样态,而“一般”才是教育的正常形态。教育关注“一般”群体的健康发展具有哲理上的必然性,而教育树立“特殊”样板的褒扬标的具有实践上的偶然性。面向未来,高质量发展的教育务须兼顾不同院校及师生和谐共生的发展诉求,努力创设不同学科和学问相得益彰的教育天地,褒奖公平,均衡资源,让天才不被羁绊,弱者不被轻视,普通人被泽关爱,人人各适其性。如此,则教育大同,美美与共。In education,it is common practice to develop models,learn from models,cultivate talents,grasp models,promote progress,and create first-class education.Models are valuable,and examples are meaningful but not sufficient.Because education is a public service that benefits people's livelihoods,nurtures talents,and innovates technology,we cannot merely focus on excellent models but ignore general cases.Models are a special form of education,while general aspects are the normal form of education.It is a philosophical inevitability for education to focus on the healthy development of the general group.At the same time,it is a practical contingency for education to establish a praise standard for the special model.Therefore,in the future,high-quality development of education must take into account the growth demands of harmonious coexistence between different universities and teachers and students,strive to create an educational world where various disciplines and knowledge complement each other,reward fairness,balance resources,and ensure that geniuses are not restrained,the weak are not underestimated,ordinary people are cared for,and every one is suitable for their characteristics.In this way,education is universal,and beauty is shared.

关 键 词：教育诉求 样板示范 榜样效应 人才培养 特殊性与一般性 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]