我国高等教育“放管服”改革政策的典型特征与演进趋势——基于制度文本框架的分析  

The Typical Characteristics and Evolving Trends of China’s Higher Education Reform Policy of Decentralization,Management,and Service:Analysis Based on Institutional Text Framework

作　　者：李春林[1] 刘杰美 LI Chun-lin;LIU Jie-mei

机构地区：[1]燕山大学公共管理学院,秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2023年第5期97-107,共11页University Education Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“中国建设世界一流大学政策变迁:特征、逻辑与优化策略”(BIA210179)。

摘　　要：我国高等教育“放管服”改革是政府的一场“自我革命”,同时也考验高校依法治理能力。选取中央政府发布的153份高等教育“放管服”改革政策作为研究对象,构建理念规划层、基本制度层和操作实施层的三层次制度文本分析框架,运用内容分析法深入分析政策的典型特征及演进趋势。研究表明:在典型特征方面,“放管服”改革政策的理念规划层可持续性程度较高、基本制度层的组织形式及主题内容合理、操作实施层对各主体的约束力较强;演进趋势方面,“放管服”改革政策的理念规划层中政策理念稳定、政策目标深化、政策范围拓展,基本制度层中政策主体多元、政策主题完善、政策客体拓展,操作实施层中行为策略协调、监督方式创新、保障措施精准。为优化我国高等教育“放管服”改革政策制定,理念规划层应明确政策发展定位,基本制度层要均衡政策注意力分配,操作实施层应深入推进监管方式创新,应该在宏观层面上实现政策制定和政策执行的良性互动。The higher education reform of decentralization,management,and service is a self-revolution of the government and tests universities’ability to govern following the law.This study focuses on 153 higher education reform policies released by the central government,constructing a three-level institutional text analysis framework consisting of conceptual planning,basic institutional,and operational implementation layers.The policies’typical characteristics and evolution trends are analyzed by the content analysis.It has shown that in terms of specific characteristics,the sustainability level of the conceptual planning layer is relatively high,the basic institutional layer’s organizational form and theme content are reasonable,and the operational implementation layer has a strong binding force on each subject.Regarding the evolution trend,the policy concepts are stable,the policy goals are deepened,and the policy scope is expanded at the concept planning level.In the basic institutional layer,the policy subjects are diverse,the policy themes are improved,and the policy objects are expanded.In the operational implementation layer,behavior strategies are coordinated,supervision methods are innovative,and guarantee measures are precise.Finally,corresponding policy optimization strategies are proposed to address the existing problems.

关 键 词：高等教育 “放管服”改革 典型特征 演进趋势 制度文本 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]