壬戌学制颁行的百年省思:科学精神与自主意识的统一  

Centennial Reflections on the Implementation of the Renxu School System:The Unification of Scientific Spirit and Independent Consciousness

作　　者：李永 周洪宇[2] LI Yong;ZHOU Hong-yu

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学教育学院 [2]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2023年第5期108-116,共9页University Education Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重大课题“建设教育强国的国际经验与中国路径研究”(VGA180002);中南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“以仪式为载体推进新时代民族院校爱国主义教育研究”(CSY21022)。

摘　　要：新文化运动之后,社会各界倡导学制改革,经过七年酝酿,1922年政府颁布了壬戌学制。壬戌学制是在总结民国建立以来学校发展的经验教训、借鉴美国学制的基础上制定的,其最大特点是学制革新中科学精神与自主意识的结合:科学精神体现为学制制定过程的科学性与学制内容的科学性;自主意识体现为该学制是明辨择善的产物,是民间意识的体现,是个性发展的彰显。壬戌学制契合了时代需要,抓住了教育改革的关键环节,实现了教育制度的重组,并有力地推进了各项教育改革。回首百年,壬戌学制回应现实需要、开展教育实验、注意民间力量、关注综合改革等经验至今仍有借鉴意义。After the New Culture Movement,all sectors of society advocated reforming the school system.After seven years of deliberation,the government announced the Renxu school system in 1922.The Renxu school system was formulated based on summarizing the experiences and lessons learned from the development of schools since the establishment of the Republic of China and drawing on the American school system.Its most significant feature is the combination of scientific spirit and independent consciousness in reforming the school system.The scientific spirit is reflected in the scientific nature of the school system formulation process and the scientific nature of the school system content.The independent consciousness is reflected in the fact that this educational system is a product of discerning and selecting suitability,a manifestation of folk consciousness,and a manifestation of individual development.The Renxu education system meets the needs of the times,seizes the critical links of education reform,realizes the restructuring of the education system,and effectively promotes various education reforms.The review of the implementation of the Renxu school system for the past 100 years provides the experience of responding to practical needs,carrying out educational experiments,focusing on folk forces and paying attention to comprehensive reforms,which is still of enlightening significance.

关 键 词：壬戌学制 教育现代化 全国教育会联合会 科学精神 自主意识 

分 类 号：G639.21[文化科学—教育学]