浮放文物隔震保护与振动台试验  

Seismic Isolation Protection and Shaking Table Test of Freestanding Cultural Relics

作　　者：张毅 李海洋 刘江涛 尚庆学 李吉超[1,2] 王涛 ZHANG Yi;LI Haiyang;LIU Jiangtao;SHANG Qingxue;LI Jichao;WANG Tao(Key Lab.of Earthquake Eng.and Eng.Vibration,Inst.of Eng.Mechanics,CEA,Harbin 150080,China;Key Lab.of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation,Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin 150080,China;Dept.of Civil Eng.,Tsinghua Univ.,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所中国地震局地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [3]清华大学土木工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《工程科学与技术》2023年第5期31-40,共10页Advanced Engineering Sciences

基　　金：中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(2020C03);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52208483);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2020E023)。

摘　　要：浮放文物在地震中往往会遭受严重破坏,采用隔震技术保护文物安全是行之有效的手段。本文提出了一种模块式金属隔震支座,通过浮放花瓶振动台试验验证了隔震装置的可行性。隔震支座由金属板、直线导轨、滑块、弹簧和摩擦阻尼器组成,采用双层双向布置,可实现水平地震作用解耦。导轨和滑块用于限制隔震支座的运动方向并防止支座发生倾覆;弹簧用于调节隔震支座的水平刚度,通过施加预紧力提供自复位能力;摩擦阻尼器用于控制隔震支座的水平变形,使耗能能力可调节。隔震支座具有模块化特征,可根据设计需要调整弹簧、摩擦阻尼器的数量和布置位置。结果表明:隔震支座具有良好的隔震效果,隔震支座顶部加速度响应为振动台台面加速度响应的28.10%~78.01%;隔震支座的隔震效果与峰值地面加速度(PGA)有关,减震率随着PGA增大而降低,隔震效率提高;隔震支座的实际残余位移在不同地震动类型、地震动强度下均小于参考残余位移,通过调节摩擦阻尼器和弹簧的参数,残余位移可控;文物滑动、倾覆现象与计算结果相符,隔震支座可防止文物在地震作用下产生倾覆,必要时仍需要采取传统抗震措施辅助;设计用于小型文物的隔震支座时应充分考虑减震率、隔震位移需求、支座变形能力限制和自复位能力,多个目标有时难以同时满足,需要取舍。Freestanding cultural relics(FCR)often suffer serious damage in earthquakes.Seismic isolation technology is an effective means to protect the safety of FCR.In this study,a modular metal seismic isolation bearing(MMSIB)was proposed.The effectiveness of MMSIB was verified by conducting a shaking table test of a freestanding vase.The MMSIB was composed of mental plates,linear guides and sliders,springs,and friction dampers.The MMSIB was able to decouple the horizontal seismic action with a feature of the double-layer bidirectional arrangement.Linear guide rails were used to restrict movement direction and to prevent overturning of MMSIB;springs were used to adjust the horizontal stiff-ness of MMSIB,and to provide self-centering ability through pre-tension;friction dampers were used to control horizontal deformations of MMS-IB with adjustable energy dissipation ability.The MMSIB was modularly assembled so the numbers and locations of springs and friction dampers were adjustable according to design demand.The results show that MMSIB exhibits excellent seismic isolation performance.The acceleration re-sponse at the top of MMSIB can be reduced to 28.10%~78.01%of that of the shaking table.The seismic isolation effect of MMSIB is relevant to peak ground acceleration(PGA),the larger the PGA,the better the acceleration reduction.The actual residual deformation of MMSIB is less than the reference value ignoring the input ground motion types and earthquake intensities.Residual displacements can be controlled by adjusting the parameters of friction dampers and springs.The sliding and overturning of FCR are consistent with the theoretical calculations.The MMSIB can prevent cultural relics from overturning under seismic excitations.Nevertheless,traditional seismic measures are still necessary to improve the anti-overturning ability of FCR.In the design of MMSIB for small cultural relics,the reduction ratio of acceleration,demand of bearing displace-ment,limitation of bearing deformation,self-centering ability,etc.,should be full

关 键 词：浮放文物 模块式金属隔震支座 振动台试验 倾覆 滑移 自复位 

分 类 号：TU352.12[建筑科学—结构工程]