木荷优树自由授粉家系生长性状分析与早期选择  

Growth Traits Analysis and Early Selection in Freely Pollinated Families of Schima superba Optimal Tree

作　　者：郑如德 钱国财 潘昕 汤行昊[3] 范辉华[3] Zheng Rude;Qian Guocai;Pan Xin;Tang Xinghao;Fan Huihua(Hulushan State-owned Forest Farm of Nanping City in Fujian Province,Nanping 353016,China;Forest Seeds and Seedlings General Station of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350003,China;Fujian Academy of Forestry,Fuzhou 350012,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省南平葫芦山国有林场,福建南平353016 [2]福建省林木种苗总站,福建福州350003 [3]福建省林业科学研究院,福建福州350012

出　　处：《防护林科技》2023年第5期17-22,共6页Protection Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省林木种苗科技攻关六期项目“木荷育种种质创新与种子园高产技术研究”(201904)。

摘　　要：为了选育木荷速生优良家系,以营建在福建省南平葫芦山国有林场的34个5年生木荷优良单株子代半同胞家系为研究材料,通过测定各家系的树高、胸径、材积和冠幅等9个性状,进行家系间遗传变异分析和育种值综合评分。结果表明:不同木荷家系间各生长性状的差异均达极显著水平,34个木荷半同胞家系不同性状表型变异系数变化范围为11.36%~85.71%,遗传力均超过了0.65,其中,树高、胸径、单株材积、叉干数及冠幅生长均超过了0.80,较高的变异系数和高遗传力有利于优良家系的评价选择;木荷家系生长性状之间均呈显著或极显著的相关关系,尤其是材积和胸径、树高之间,均为极显著的两两相关关系,且相关系数均在0.70以上。利用综合评价法,初选出高于参试群体得分均值的优良家系19个,依据10%的入选率,GT34、YP26、F1和GT23四个家系入选为最优家系,入选最优家系的树高、胸径和材积分别比群体总平均值提高了7.41%、14.2%和36.63%,遗传增益分别为6.60%、11.79%和31.47%。初选出的最优家系可作为优良家系推广应用。Inter-pedigree genetic variation analysis and the breeding value composite score were performed by taking thirty-four five-year-old half-sib families of Schima superba excellent single progeny in Hulushan State-owned Forest Farm of Nanping City in Fujian province as study materials,and measuring total nine traits including tree height,DBH,volume,crown width and so on,in order to select and breed the fast-growing excellent family of Schima superba.The results showed as follows:the differences of various growth traits among different Schima superba families reached extremely significant levels;the coefficients of phenotypic variation of different traits of 34 Schima superba half-sib families were 11.36%-85.71%,and the heritability exceeded 0.65,among which the heritability of tree height,DBH,single volume,the number of multiple stems and crown growth exceeded 0.80;higher coefficient of variation and high heritability were beneficial to the evaluation and selection of excellent families;there was a significant or highly significant correlation between the growth traits of Schima superba,and the each correlation coefficient was above 0.70.By the method of multiple comprehensive assessment,initially,nineteen excellent families were selected as higher than the mean score of the participating group.Based on the 10%selection rate,four families of GT34,YP26,F1 and GT23 were selected as excellent families.The average of tree height,DBH and volume of the selected families were higher than the total average by 7.41%,14.2%and 36.63%,respectively.The genetic gain was 6.60%,11.79%and 31.47%,respectively.The initially selected excellent families can be promoted and applied.

关 键 词：木荷 半同胞家系 生长性状 遗传增益 育种值 

分 类 号：S723.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]