吸湿性盐及其复合吸附剂在吸附式空气取水领域的研究进展  

Research Progress of Hydroscopic Salt and Its Composite Adsorbents Used for Sorption-based Atmospheric Water Harvesting

作　　者：朱蓉 余琼粉[1,2] 李明 樊杰[1] 陈杰 李爱民 李胤凝[1] 湛丹亚 王云峰 ZHU Rong;YU Qiongfen;LI Ming;FAN Jie;CHEN Jie;LI Aimin;LI Yinning;ZHAN Danya(WANG Yunfeng 1,21 Solar Energy Research Institute,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Key Laboratory of Solar Heating and Cooling Technology of Yunnan Provincial Universities,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学太阳能研究所,昆明650500 [2]云南省高校太阳能供热与制冷重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第19期53-65,共13页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21965040,51866017);云南省教育厅基金研究生项目(2022Y191)。

摘　　要：空气取水是解决世界水资源短缺问题的有效途径。同时,吸附式空气取水技术作为一种很有前途的分散供水方式,已成为能源领域的研究热点之一。其中,吸湿剂作为取水系统构建中的基础研究部分,在空气-水吸附系统中起着关键作用,但针对吸附式空气取水中盐基吸附剂的评述仍有欠缺。为此,本文立足于吸湿性盐及其复合吸附剂在空气取水领域的最新研究,总结了盐基吸附剂的水蒸气吸附-解吸机理;概述了吸湿剂的性能评价指标,包括平衡吸附量、吸附动力学、循环稳定性及热力学性质;对不同类型的盐基吸附剂在空气取水领域中的吸湿过程和解吸方法进行了系统性的总结与评价;指出了盐基吸附剂在吸附式空气取水中所面临的问题与挑战,并提出了一些潜在的解决方案,从而推动吸附式空气取水技术的落地实施与商业化应用。In view of the major demand of fresh water resources in arid areas,the sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting technology has become one of the research hotspots in the field of energy as a promising decentralized water supply method.The adsorbents play a key role in the air-water sorption system as a fundamental research part of water harvesting system construction,while there is still a lack of review on salt-based adsorbents in sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting.Based on the latest research progress and key problems of hygroscopic salt and its composite adsorbents,the water vapor sorption-desorption mechanism of salt-based composite sorbent is firstly summarized.Secondly,the performance evaluation indexes such as water uptake capacity,adsorption kinetics,stability and thermodynamic property of hygroscopic materials are introduced,Next,advance in hydroscopic process and desorption methods of different hygroscopic salts and their composite adsorbents for atmospheric water harvesting are systematically summarized.Last,the issues that need further study on salt-based composite adsorbents are highlighted,and some potential solutions are proposed.It naturally follows that the implementation and commercial application of sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting technology can be realized.

关 键 词：吸附式空气取水 吸湿性盐 盐基复合吸附剂 吸附 解吸 

分 类 号：TU991.114[建筑科学—市政工程] TQ424[化学工程] TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源] TK519[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]