药浴对仿刺参幼参肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Medicated Bath on Gut Microbiota of Juvenile Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：李石磊[1] 杨慧花[1] 张乾 王旭达 董颖[1] 叶博 赵振军 王笑月[1] 刘丹妮 曹琛 周遵春[1] LI Shilei;YANG Huihua;ZHANG Qian;WANG Xuda;DONG Ying;YE Bo;ZHAO Zhenjun;WANG Xiaoyue;LIU Danni;CAO Chen;ZHOU Zunchun(Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产科学》2023年第5期871-877,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0901603);辽宁省海洋与渔业厅项目(201830);大连市重点领域创新团队支持计划项目(2021RT08);辽宁省农业科学院基本科研业务费计划项目(2021HQ1916);辽宁省科技计划项目(2021030341-JH2/102)。

摘　　要：为探究抗生素药浴对仿刺参幼参肠道菌群的影响,在刺参工厂化保苗期倒池时设置普通组和药浴组(普通组幼参为倒池未药浴正常培养,药浴组幼参用质量浓度0.1 g/L的氟苯尼考药浴15 min),分别于倒池后24、48、72 h,取2组仿刺参肠道样品进行16S rDNA高通量测序分析。试验结果显示,普通组幼参与倒池前的幼参肠道菌群结构基本一致,药浴组幼参肠道菌群结构变化较大,细菌多样性在24 h最高,随后逐渐降低。普通幼参优势菌门变形菌门相对丰度达98%以上,药浴后24、48、72 h,幼参肠道变形菌门相对丰度分别为90.51%、92.99%、96.63%,放线菌门、浮霉菌门、拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、疣微菌门、厚壁菌门相对丰度有所提高,并新出现达达菌门、德潘菌门和芽单胞菌门。普通组幼参肠道中优势菌属新草螺菌属占比达95%以上;药浴后24 h幼参肠道中新草螺菌属相对丰度降低至2.46%,叶杆菌属、Candidatus Competibacter、鞘氨醇单胞菌属等成为新的优势菌属,药浴后48、72 h幼参肠道中新草螺菌属相对丰度逐渐升至36.7%、69.9%,其他菌属相对丰度逐渐降低,肠道菌群结构逐渐向药浴前恢复。抗生素药浴将幼参肠道菌群平衡打破,进而可能会影响到幼参的消化吸收,并增加致病风险,倒池时不建议采用抗生素药浴。本试验结果可为仿刺参健康养殖提供理论依据和技术支持。Effects of antibiotic medicine bath on gut microbiota of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were explored in this study. When changing the breeding pond, the common group and the medicine bath group were set. The juvenile sea cucumber in the common group were cultured normally without medicine bath. The juvenile sea cucumber in the medicine bath group were bathed with florfenicol at the concentration of 0.1 g/L for 15 min. Two groups of intestinal samples were taken at 24, 48 and 72 h after changing the breeding pond for 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing analysis. The results showed that the gut microbiota structure of juvenile sea cucumber in the common group were basically the same as that of juvenile sea cucumber before changing the breeding pond. The gut microbiota diversity of juvenile sea cucumber in the medicine bath group changed greatly, and the bacterial diversity was the highest at 24 h, then decreased gradually. The relative abundance of the dominant bacterial phylum Proteobacteria in juvenile sea cucumber was more than 98%. At 24, 48 and 72 h after the medicine bath, the relative abundance of the Proteobacteria in juvenile sea cucumber were 90.51%, 92.99% and 96.63%, respectively. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobia and Firmicutes increased, and the new detection of Dadabacteria, Dependentiae and Gemmatimonadetes. The relative abundance of dominant bacteria Noviherbaspirillum in the intestines of juvenile sea cucumber in the common group were more than 95%. The relative abundance of Noviherbaspirillum in the intestines of juvenile sea cucumber was decreased to 2.46%, and Phyllobacterium , Candidatus Competitor and Sphingomonas became new dominant bacteria at 24 h after the medicine bath. The relative abundance of Noviherbaspirillum was increased to 36.7% and 69.9% at 48 and 72 h after the medicine bath, others gradually decreased, and the gut microbiota structure gradually recovered to that before the medicin

关 键 词：仿刺参 肠道菌群 抗生素 药浴 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]