3种环境因子对刚毛藻吸收氮的影响研究  

Effects of Three Environmental Factors on Nitrogen Absorption of Cladophora

作　　者：王路平 唐永涛 汪晨 唐伯平[2] 成永旭[1] WANG Luping;TANG Yongtao;WANG Chen;TANG Boping;CHENG Yongxu(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;School of Wetland,Yancheng Teachers University,Yancheng 224002,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]盐城师范学院湿地学院,江苏省盐土生物资源研究重点实验室,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《水产科学》2023年第5期884-890,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：财政部与农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-48);上海市科委工程技术中心能力提升项目(19DZ2284300);黄河三角洲人才工程(DYRC20190210)。

摘　　要：氮是水生植物重要的营养盐之一,氮的利用能力对水生植物生态位的竞争有重要影响,而氮的利用又受到环境因子的影响。聚焦对养殖有重要影响的刚毛藻,以期探索环境因子对刚毛藻吸收氮的影响,为刚毛藻除氮或控制刚毛藻生物量提供思路。以氯化铵作为氮源,连续检测刚毛藻吸收氮情况,确定刚毛藻稳定吸收氨氮的时间程和适宜浓度,在此基础上做不同梯度的温度、pH和光照度对刚毛藻吸收氮影响的L9 (3^(3))正交试验。试验结果显示,在氨氮浓度为80μmol/L、时间程为0.5~1.5 h时,刚毛藻对氨氮的吸收与时间呈线性关系(r^(2)>0.99)。正交试验结果显示,温度对刚毛藻吸收氨氮影响显著(P<0.05),而光照度和pH影响不显著(P>0.05)。刚毛藻吸收氨氮的影响因子强弱顺序为:温度>pH>光照度。刚毛藻吸收氨氮的3个最佳环境因子组合为:25℃、pH 9、光照度4500 lx。刚毛藻多种酶活性和总抗氧化能力与其吸收氨氮速率的相关分析结果显示,环境因子通过多种酶以及非酶类影响刚毛藻吸收氮。本试验结果可为刚毛藻相关研究、污水净化,预测和抑制刚毛藻等丝状藻类的大量发生提供依据。Nitrogen is one of the important nutrients of aquatic plants. The utilization capacity of nitrogen plays an important role in the niche competition of aquatic plants. However, the utilization of nitrogen is also affected by environmental factors. In this study, we focused on Cladophora , which has important influence on culture, hoping to explore the influence of environmental factors on Cladophora nitrogen absorption, and provide ideas for nitrogen removal or biomass control. In this experiment, NH 4 Cl was used as nitrogen source, and light incubator was used as culture condition. The nitrogen uptake of Cladophora was detected continuously. The time course and appropriate concentration for the stable absorption of NH 4 + -N in Cladophora were determined. Accordingly, orthogonal experiment of temperature, pH and light intensity L9(3 3 ) with different gradients was carried out. The results showed that Cladophora had a linear absorption of NH 4 + -N ( R 2 >0.99) when the concentration of NH 4 + -N was 80 μmol/L within 0.5~1.5 h. The Orthogonal experiment results showed that temperature had a significant effect on the absorption of NH 4 + -N in Cladophora ( P <0.05), whereas no significant effects for light intensity and pH ( P >0.05). The effect of the above three factors on the absorption rate of NH 4 + -N in Cladophora is in such an order: temperature>pH> light intensity. The three-factor combination that is most conducive to the absorption in NH 4 + -N of Cladophora is temperature of 25 ℃, pH of 9, and light intensity of 4500 Lx. The correlation analysis of various enzymes, total antioxidant capacity and ammonia nitrogen absorption rate of Cladophora showed that environmental factors influenced nitrogen absorption by various enzymes and non-enzymes. This study provides a scientific basis for scientific research, the purification of sewage by Cladophora and the prediction and inhibition of the occurrence of filamentous algae such as Cladophora .

关 键 词：刚毛藻 温度 光照度 PH 氨氮 酶活性 

分 类 号：S946.3[农业科学—水产养殖]