基于RSEI的近30年来泸石高速公路路域生态环境质量评价  

Evaluation of Eco-environmental Quality of Lu-Shi Expressway Area in Recent 30 Years based on RSEI

作　　者：汪涛 袁飞云 宋阳 严贤春[1] 刘华峰 陈亚梅 胥晓[1] WANG Tao;YUAN Fei-yun;SONG Yang;YAN Xian-chun;LIU Hua-feng;CHEN Ya-mei;XU Xiao(College of Life Science,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;Sichuan Tibetan Areas Expressway Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,南充市637009 [2]四川藏区高速公路有限责任公司,成都市610041

出　　处：《公路》2023年第8期355-363,共9页Highway

基　　金：泸石高速公路植被保护与恢复技术研究项目,项目编号LSXJ2021-009。

摘　　要：泸定-石棉高速公路(简称“泸石高速”)是甘孜藏族自治州的第二条高速公路,沿途地质条件复杂,生态环境脆弱,因而迫切需要对其路域生态环境质量变化进行科学评价。以泸石高速路线两侧5 km缓冲区范围作为研究区域,通过Google Earth Engine(GEE)上的1991年、2001年、2011年、2021年4个时期的Landsat TM/OLI影像获得描述生态环境质量的绿度(NDVI)、湿度(WET)、热度(LST)以及干度(NDBSI)4个指标,并利用主成分分析构建遥感生态指数(RSEI),从而分析该路域生态环境质量的变化情况。结果表明:(1)RSEI多年平均相关度值为0.767,相较于其他单一指标值最大,表明RSEI具有很好的适用性;(2)从不同时期RSEI指数来看,泸石高速路域RSEI指数由1991年的0.573上升到了2021年的0.702,具体可分为增速较快(1991年~2001年)、增速减缓(2001年~2011年)和增速加快(2011年~2021年)3个阶段;(3)从不同时期RSEI等级来看,泸石高速路域生态环境质量以良好和优等为主,不同时期其面积和占比均在50%以上,且随着时间的变化其面积也在不断增加;(4)从不同时期不同海拔范围来看,泸石高速路域生态环境质量等级在中等以下的主要分布在海拔823~1 500 m,而生态环境质量等级在良好以上的主要分布在海拔1 500~2 500 m;(5)泸石高速路域生态环境质量呈现改善现象,变好(RSEI变化值大于0)的面积比变差(RSEI变化值小于0)的面积更多。研究结果表明:泸石高速路域生态环境质量向好,将为泸石高速公路建设提供科学依据与理论参考。As the second expressway in Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,the Luding-Shimian Expressway(referred to as“Lu-Shi Expressway”) is characterized by complex geological conditions and fragile ecological environment along the way.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out scientific evaluation on the changes of ecological environment quality in its right-of-way.In this study the 5 km buffer zone on both sides of Lu-Shi Expressway route is taken as the research area,the Landsat TM/OLI images of 1991,2001,2011 and 2021 on Google Earth Engine(GEE) are used to obtain four indicators of green degree(NDVI),humidity(WET),heat degree(LST) and dryness degree(NDBSI) to describe ecological environmental quality.Remote Sensing Ecological index(RSEI) is constructed by principal component analysis to analyze the changes of ecological environment quality in the road region.The results show that:(1) The average correlation value of RSEI is 0.767,which is the largest compared with other single index,indicating that RSEI has good applicability.(2) From the perspective of RSEI index in different periods,the RSEI index of Lu-Shi Expressway region increases from 0.573 in 1991 to 0.702 in 2021,which can be divided into three stages:rapid growth(1991-2001),slow growth(2001-2011) and accelerated growth(2011-2021).(3) From the perspective of RSEI grades in different periods,the ecological environment quality of Lu-Shi Expressway region is mainly good and excellent,with its area and proportion above 50% in different periods,and its area is increasing with the change of time.(4) From the perspective of different elevations in different periods,the eco-environmental quality grades below medium are mainly distributed at elevations of 823-1 500 m,while the eco-environment quality grades above good are mainly distributed at elevations of 1 500-2 500 m.(5) The ecological environmental quality of Lu-Shi Expressway shows an improvement phenomenon,and more areas are improved(RSEI change value greater than 0) than deteriorated(RSEI change value less tha

关 键 词：高速公路路域 生态环境质量 泸石高速公路 Google Earth Engine RSEI 

分 类 号：X822.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]