中间品贸易自由化与制造业企业福利损失:基于有效市场势力的视角  

Input Trade Liberalization and Welfare Loss of Manufacturing Enterprises:From the Perspective of Efficient Market Power

作　　者：刘依凡 杨继军 于津平[1] LIU Yifan;YU Jinping;YANG Jijun(Nanjing University,210093;Nanjing University of Finance&Economics,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院,210093 [2]南京财经大学财政与税务学院,210023

出　　处：《财贸经济》2023年第9期159-176,共18页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“构筑互利共赢的产业链供应链合作体系研究”(21ZDA095);国家社会科学基金一般项目“信息技术变革赋能中国对外贸易高质量发展的机制与路径研究”(21BJY052)。

摘　　要：鉴于中间品市场势力会对社会福利损失产生成倍放大效应,本文从中间品贸易自由化视角,基于有效市场势力探究中间品关税减让对制造业企业福利损失的影响。研究发现:中间品贸易自由化显著降低了制造业企业的福利损失,由于存在寡头之间相互牵制、小企业“渔翁得利”的博弈情形,抑制作用随着市场份额的降低而增大。机制检验表明:中间品贸易自由化通过推动市场发育度、缓解要素扭曲两个渠道加强技术竞争效应和成本节约效应来降低福利损失。此外,本文还发现中间品贸易自由化对高垄断力企业的福利损失抑制作用大于低垄断力企业,对非高技术行业和资本密集型企业的影响显著,但对高技术行业和劳动密集型行业的影响不显著。因此,应当基于市场结构和市场势力双重视角考察福利损失,市场竞争具有重要性,中间品贸易自由化对推动市场发育度和提升资源配置效率起到关键作用。The scientific estimation of welfare loss and monopoly power is a fundamental issue in the field of industrial organization.The clarification of the“structure⁃behavior⁃performance”relationship between market structure,market power and welfare loss will be conducive to promoting fairness and efficiency.The revised Anti⁃Monopoly Law of the People's Republic of China,which came into force in August 2022,aims to reinforce the fundamental position of competition policy and build a reliable system for evaluating fair competition.There are diverse sources of welfare losses.For China's manufacturing industry,the monopoly power of the upstream intermediate goods industry is an important factor in generating welfare costs.Since China entered into the WTO,the scale of intermediate goods imports jumped from USD 79.4 billion in 2001 to USD 408.4 billion in 2019,while the weighted average of intermediate goods import tariffs plummeted from 12.66%to 2.94%.At present,China's downstream manufacturing industries have largely realized free competition.Although the upstream industries are primarily dominated by natural monopolies of the state⁃owned economy,there still exists a loss of efficiency in resource allocation due to price distortion.Since the upstream monopoly will lead to an exponential increase in the loss of social welfare,we need to consider the following questions:Can input trade liberalization arrest the continued increase in welfare loss?Is there a simple linear link between the market structure,market power and enterprises welfare?What role does the market structure,as a depiction of the market environment,play in the process of input trade liberalization affecting welfare losses?This paper investigates the impact of intermediate goods tariff concession on the welfare loss of manufacturing enterprises from the perspective of input trade liberalization based on the effective market power.It has been found that input trade liberalization significantly reduces the welfare loss of manufacturing enterprises.D

关 键 词：中间品贸易自由化 有效市场势力 企业福利损失 

分 类 号：F12[经济管理—世界经济] F745